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AP Government Chapter 7
Political parties (not nearly as much fun as it sounds)
34
Political Studies
12th Grade
03/23/2011

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Term
Political party
Definition
A group that seeks to elect candidates to public office by supplying them with a label.
Term
Factions
Definition
A name applied by some of the founders to political parties to connote their tendency toward divisiveness.
Term
Democratic-Republican
Definition
The political party founded and led by Thomas Jefferson.
Term
Democratic-Republican
Definition
The political party founded and led by Thomas Jefferson.
Term
Democratic-Republican
Definition
The political party founded and led by Thomas Jefferson.
Term
Federalists
Definition
The political party founded by Alexander Hamilton.
Term
Second-party system
Definition
The arrangement of political parties initiated by Andrew Jackson.
Term
Stalwarts
Definition
A name for party professionals, as opposed to volunteers.
Term
mugwumps
Definition
A mane for party volunteers who later come to form their own reform movement.
Term
nonpartisan election
Definition
An election in which candidates for office are not identified by party labels.
Term
office bloc ballot
Definition
A party that stresses national organization to raise $$ and give assistance to local candidates and party units.
Term
Referendum
Definition
An election in which citizens directly approve or disapprove legislation proposed by the gov't.
Term
Critical (or realigning) period
Definition
Features a sharp, lasting shift in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties.
Term
Initiative
Definition
An election in which citizens can place on the legislative agenda proposals by nongovernment groups.
Term
Superdelegate
Definition
Elected officials who serve as delegates to the national convention.
Term
Winner-take-all
Definition
An electoral systemthat gives the only office to the candidate with the largest vote total, rather than appointing numerous offices by the prcentage of the total vote.
Term
Machine
Definition
A party unit that recruits members with tangible rewards and that is tightly controlled by the leadership.
Term
Caucus
Definition
A closed meeting of party leaders to select party candidates.
Term
Ideological parties
Definition
Parties that value principle above all else
Term
Solidary groups
Definition
Parties organized around sociability, rather than tangible rewards or ideology.
Term
Sponsored parties
Definition
Party units established or maintained by outside groups.
Term
Split ticket voting
Definition
The practice of voting for one major party's candidate in state or local elections and the other's at the national level
Term
Proportional representation
Definition
An electoral system that distributes numerous seats to parties on the basis of their percentageof the popular vote.
Term
factional parties
Definition
Parties formed by a split within one of the major parties.
Term
party column ballot
Definition
a ballot listing all candidates of a given party together under the name of that party.
Term
Congressional campaign committee
Definition
A committee in each party to help elect or relect members.
Term
national (party) chair
Definition
The person elected and paid to manage the day-to-day work of a national political party.
Term
National committee
Definition
Delegates from each state who manage party affairs between conventions.
Term
national convention
Definition
A meeting of elected party delegates every four years to nominate presidential and vice-presidential candidates and ratify a campaign platform.
Term
Two-party system
Definition
An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in state and national elections.
Term
Office bloc ballot
Definition
A ballot listing all candidates for a given office under the name of that office.
Term
Plurality system
Definition
An electoral system in which the winner gets the most votes but not necessarily the majority of the votes.
Term
Political machine
Definition
A party organization hat recruits members by dispensing patronage.
Term
Solidary incentves
Definition
The social rewards that lead people to join political organizations.
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