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AP flash card set 1
vocab!!!!!!
45
Anatomy
11th Grade
11/04/2010

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Term
Organelle
Definition
Specialized structure within a cell
Term
Selective Permeability
Definition
only certain items get to pass through
Term
Cell
Definition
The building blocks of living organisms
Term
Diffusion
Definition
the intermingling of substances by the natural movement of the particles
Term
Serous Membrane
Definition
a mesothelial tissue that lines certain internal cavities of the body, forming a smooth, transparent, two-layered membrane lubricated by a fluid derived from serum. The peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura are serous membranes.
Term
Goblet cell
Definition
a column-shaped cell found in the respiratory and intestinal tracts, which secretes the main component of mucus.
Term
Pseudo Stratified
Definition
giving the false appearance of many layers
Term
ciliated
Definition
a short, microscopic, hairlike vibrating structure. Cilia occur in large numbers on the surface of certain cells, either causing currents in the surrounding fluid, or, in some protozoans and other small organisms, providing propulsion.
Term
transitional
Definition
a change of an atom, nucleus, electron, etc., from one quantum state to another, with emission or absorption of radiation.
Term
Glandular Epithelium
Definition
Epithelium is simplest type of tissue in human body. Glandular epithelium is type of epithelium tissue responsible for formation of glands.
Term
endocrine
Definition
of, relating to, or denoting glands that secrete hormones or other products directly into the blood : the endocrine system.
Term
exocrine
Definition
relating to or denoting glands that secrete their products through ducts opening onto an epithelium rather than directly into the bloodstream. Often contrasted with endocrine .
Term
vascularized
Definition
provide (a tissue or structure) with vessels, esp. blood vessels
Term
extra cellular matrix
Definition
non-living substance outside of the cell
Term
osseous
Definition
Osseous: Having to do with the bone, consisting of bone, or resembling bone.
Term
hyaline
Definition
having a glassy, translucent appearance
Term
Lacunae
Definition
a cavity or depression, esp. in bone
Term
fibroblast
Definition
a cell in connective tissue that produces collagen and other fibers.
Term
tendons
Definition
a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone
Term
ligaments
Definition
a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.
Term
Areola
Definition
a small circular area, in particular the ring of pigmented skin surrounding a nipple
Term
Edema
Definition
a condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body
Term
Phagocytes
Definition
a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.
Term
voluntary
Definition
willingly
Term
striation
Definition
stripes
Term
hyperplasia
Definition
the enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the reproduction rate of its cells, often as an initial stage in the development of cancer.
Term
regeneration
Definition
resupply
Term
neoplasm
Definition
the formation or presence of a new, abnormal growth of tissue
Term
Atrophy
Definition
degeneration
Term
exocytosis
Definition
a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane.
Term
endocytosis
Definition
the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
Term
hypertonic
Definition
Biology having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid.
• Physiology of or in a state of abnormally high muscle tone.
Term
hypotonic
Definition
• Biology having a lower osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid.
• Physiology of or in a state of abnormally low muscle tone
Term
isotonic
Definition
taking place with normal contraction.
2 denoting or relating to a solution having the same osmotic pressure as some other solution, esp. one in a cell or a body fluid.
• (of a drink) containing essential salts and minerals in the same concentration as in the body and intended to replace those lost as a result of sweating during vigorous exercise.
Term
tissue
Definition
a group of similar cells
Term
epithelial tissue
Definition
the thin tissue forming the outer layer of a body's surface and lining the alimentary canal and other hollow structures.
Term
Apical Surface
Definition
formed with the tip of the tongue.
Term
basement membrane
Definition
base layer of tissues
Term
Avascular
Definition
characterized by or associated with a lack of blood vessels.
Term
simple epithelium
Definition
one layer
Term
stratified epithelium
Definition
more than one layer
Term
Facilitated Diffusion
Definition
a process in which substances are transported across cell membranes; also called facilitated transport
Term
osmosis
Definition
he diffusion of fluids through membranes or porous partitions. Compare endosmosis, exosmosis.
Term
active transport
Definition
the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration, requiring the consumption of energy.
Term
passive transport
Definition
transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion; expenditure of energy is not required
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