Definition: A political and economic system of Europe, based on the holding of all land and characterized by homage, legal and military service of tenants, and forfeiture.

Significance: Dominant economic system in Europe during the Middle Ages. Led to the development of a rigid class system: noble, clergy, peasant

Definition: Great Charter, limited the power of rulers, and introduces the idea of lawful process and the idea of a jury, restored balance between people and king

Significance: The Magna Carta led to the constitutional rule of today. It was also an influence on the American Constitution + Bill of Rights.

Definition: Pandemic disease that spread to the middle East, India, China, and all through Europe almost one out of every three people in Europe got the disease, 25 million people died in Europe alone

Significance: changed European social structure, dealt a blow to the Roman Catholic Church, led to minority persecution, helped end feudalism

Definition: Led French to victory at orleans in 1429, said she heard voices from saints, dressed in men's clothing, burned at the stake

Significance: Eventually enabled Charles VII to be crowned at Reims

Definition: a constitutional form where papacy would be shared

Significance: Claimed pope derived his authority from the entire christian community, led to reform in the Roman Catholic Church

Definition: movement to translate scripture into the native language

Significance: Wyclif's efforts led to better literacy in the church and more of the lower classes becoming informed, helped church influence and reform