Term
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Definition
1. Mid century Britain
2. Named after Queen Victoria (1837-1901)
3. Period of strict morality, duty, family values, prim and proper
4. Lord Palmerston = prime minister 1855-1865 = not a reformer/opposed expanding voting rights
5. After Palmerston dies in 1865 = political changes
Tories = Conservative Party
Whigs = Liberal Party |
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Term
| William Gladstone The Liberal Party |
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Definition
-Extension of right to vote
-1st liberal admin. of William was responsible for many impressive reforms
-Reform Act of 1884 |
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Term
| Benjamin Disraeli and The Conservative Party |
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Definition
-The Tory leader in Parliamnet, was motivated to win over the newly enfranchised groups to the Conservative Party
-Believed that the voting increase would benefit the Conservatives, industrial workers helped produce a huge Liberal victory in 1868 |
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Term
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Definition
-important step toward the democratization of Britain
-The right to vote was extended
-lowerd monetary requirements for voting (taxes paid or income earned) |
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Term
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Definition
-Private property and profits are eliminated = communism is created
-The state withers away and the workers paradise is born = a classless society
-Das Kapital - Marx major explanation of his political and economic theories |
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Term
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Definition
-workers v. owners
1. Only two classes
2. These two classes are naturally antagonistic/opposed to each other
3. Clash/struggle between them will result in “the workers revolution” |
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Term
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Definition
-everything evolves, and all chnage in history is the result of clashes between antagonistic elements
-belief that history is determined by ideas manifesting themselves in historical forces
1. The Thesis
2. The Antithesis
3. The Synthesis |
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Term
| Bourgeois and Proletariat |
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Definition
1. The Bourgeoisie = the owners
2. The Proletariat = the workers |
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Term
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Definition
-The Origin Of Species:discussed plant and animal species only
-The Descent of Man:argued"man is the co-descendant w/ other mammals of a common progenitor" |
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Term
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Definition
-A new materialistic outlook in the arts after 1850
-new style of painting and spread to literature
-literary Realists of mid-19 cent. were distinguished by their deliberate rejection of Romanticism |
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Term
| The Second Industrial Revolution |
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Definition
-The Second Industrial Revolution led basic economic patterns of modern European economic life -
-The business cycle - boom and bust
-Economy rises and heats
-Economy cools and slumps
-From 1895 to World War I = economic boom/economic growth
-La Belle Époque = a gold age of European civilization = “ the beautiful age” = good times! |
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Term
| European Zones of Economic/Industrial Development |
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Definition
By 1900 Europe was divided into two economic zones =
1. Western and central Europe = Britain, Belgium. France, Netherlands, western part of Austria-Hungary and northern Italy Advanced industrialization, Higher standard of living, Good transportation systems, Healthy and educated citizens
2. South and eastern Europe = southern Italy, most of Austria-Hungary, Spain, Portugal, the Balkans, and Russia
Lagged behind economically and socially |
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