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• Medici family dominated Florences’ economy, politics, and art.
• earned wealth as bankers |
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• humanist scholar
• lord chanceller under Henry VIII
• wrote Utopia |
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• France
• Ended 100 year war by expelling the English from France
• strengthened economy through taxes
• created first permanent royal army |
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• France
• enlarged army
• encourage economic growth through new industries |
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• France
• first to be called “Your Majesty”
• Concordat of Bologna- allowed kings to nominate bishops, abbots and other high officials |
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• England
• created the star court
• extend royal authority
• encouraged industries |
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• England
• supreme head of the church of England
• dissolved monasteries |
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• England
• reduced number of nobles and royal council
• Reconquista by conquering Granada
• Christian state
• expelled jews |
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• Lutheranism
• 95 thesis
• hated indulgences
-German Peasant War |
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-detested luther
- wife wouldnt give him a boy
-wanted divorce but couldnt get it cause pope refused
-Act of Supremacy, 1544 |
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-religious problems
-protestant gained strength |
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-Royal Authority came from God
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-divine right of king
-similar to father |
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| -restored the monarch, the church of England, and Parliament |
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-Humans are naturally self centered and prone to violence
-All humans have a desire for power
-needs goverment
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-Human are shaped how they are raised
-natural rights: Life, Liberty, Property
-limited goverment |
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-Henry VI died leaving his young son to rule.
-Richieleu ruled
-weaken nobility
-replaced nobles with intendants
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-powerful monarch
-did not share power
-Versaille Palace
-colbert: financial advisor
-ended edict of nantes |
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-did not have a male heir
-Pragmatic Sanction: His daughter would inherit all the land |
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- The Great Elector
-loyality of Junkers
- forging the hohenzollern territories into a strong power |
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-modernized Russia
-improved agriculture, army, trade....more
- Defeated Sweden in 30 year war
- Built St. Petersburg
-control Boyars
-exploited serfs
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-astronomers
-earth revolved around the sun
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| Galileo Galiei (1564-1642) |
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-motion and inertia
-first person to use a telescope for astronomical obserevations.
- The earth is a planet circling the sun
-Pope Urban VII accused him of lying and put him on trial.
- He was forced to say that all his discoveries where false |
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