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| a peasant girl that helped to save the French Army |
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| Brought the papal court back to Rome |
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| Part of Great Schism; Wanted to abolish pluralism + unneeded clerical spending |
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| Part of Great Schism; set himself up in Avingnon |
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| when one holds multiple church offices at the same time |
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| The time when Pope Clement V lived in Avignon with other popes and lived a life of luxury and was distant from their ancient and religious roots |
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| What are the causes of 100 yrs war? |
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| Philip VI impeded upon the 1259 Treaty of Paris signed by England and Paris that said that England would have Aquitaine as theirs. |
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| Why did the people support their kings during the 100yrs war? |
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| They supported them because of the hatrid between the French and English. Also, there was a new-found sense of nationalism in both countries. |
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| Was the Black Death(Bubonic Plague) good for the economy and why? |
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| Yes. It allowed a large amount of jobs to be available and also gave people a higher value on the land that they owned. |
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| Literature that is written in the common language of the country it is written in(as in no more latin or hebrew in books) |
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| Attacked the backbone of the beliefs and practices of the church in 14th C |
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| a Dutch Humanist who said that the way to salvation was through education of the bible and to create your own salvation, not to depend on other's rituals |
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| Strengthened France by expelling the English, taxing, and giving the middle-class more power |
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| A very rich family of merchants. Owned banks all over Italy. |
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| New monarchs in Spain. They curbed aristocratic power and created executive, legislative, and judicial powers |
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| wrote "Utopia". Believed the key to improvement and reform of the individual was to reform the social institutions that molded the individual |
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| wrote "The Prince"(told of the proper way to gain and keep political power). |
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| Despots or one man rulers |
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| the rule of merchant aristocracies |
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| stressed personality, uniqueness, genius, and full development of one's capabilities and talents |
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| studied Latin classics to learn what they reveal about human nature.emphasizes humans, their achievements, interests, and capabilities |
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| involves a basic concern with the material world instead of with the eternal world of spirit. ultimately finds explanation to everything |
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| sought to train, discipline, and fashion the young man into the courtly ideal, the gentleman. |
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| Converts from the Jewish faith in Spain |
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| Written by Martin Luther and spoke of the wrong doings of the church, namely the issue of indulgences |
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| German Peasant Revolt Causes |
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| The twelve Grievences...nobles seizing common use land, new rents on properties and new services on the peasants working properties, unjust death duties |
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| Created the Church of England and had 6 wives |
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| created the Presbyterian Church of Scotland after ending papal authority in Scotland |
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| Formed Calvinism which focuses on predestination |
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| helped the reformed Catholic church gain prestige |
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| Had teachings based on the new testament. Believed that christian life rested on scriptures |
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| Brethren of the Common Life |
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| lived in stark simplicity while carrying out the Gospel and teaching to feed hungry, clothe poor, etc. |
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| Between protestants and Catholics of Germany(HRE) |
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| Ended the conflicts between religious faiths and recognized over 300 german princes and gave them power to create their own sovereign land |
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| The trade between the Americas and Europe. This included things such as slaves, spices, and maiz |
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| Ended the divine right kings and changed the king with minimum bloodshed |
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| Helped the Protestants during the 30 years war |
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| failed at almost everything after taking over from Queen Elizabeth |
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