Term
|
Definition
| Monarchial power added up to something close to sovereignty. A state may be termed sovereign when it possesses a monopoly over teh instruments of justice and the use of force within clearly defined boundaries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The word absolutism was coined in 1830, two centruies after the developments it attempts to classify occured. Some scholars today deny that absolute monarchy was a stage in teh evolution of the modern state between medieval feudal monarchies adn the cnostitutional governments of recent centuries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Totalitarianism was a twentieth century phenomenon; it sought to direct all facets of a state's culture - art, education, religion, the economy, politics - in the interests of the state. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Richelieu believed he had to resort to drastic measures in building the French state. He did this by conducting an anti-Habsburg foreign policy. The phrase stands for the reason of the state. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Richelieu's successor as chief minister and then regent for the boy-king Louis XIV was CArdinal Jules Mazarin. He continued Richelieu's centralizing policies, but his attempts to increase royal revenues led to the civil wars of 1648-1653 known as the Fronde. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mercantilism is a collectionof governmental policies for the regulation of economic activities, expecially commercial activities, by and for the state. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scholars characterize the art and literature of the age of Louis XIV as French classicism. By this they mean that the artists and writers of the late seventeenth century imitated the subject matter and style of classical antiquity, that their work resembled that of Renaissance Italy, and the Fench art possessed the classical qualities of discipline, balance and restraint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Teh Peace of Utreacht had important international consequences. I represented teh balance-of-power principle in operation, setting limits on the extent to which any one power - in this case France - could expand. The treaty completed teh decline of Spain as a great power. It vastly expanded the British Empire. And it gave European powers experience in international cooperation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In teh brilliant novel Don Quiote, Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes produced one of the great masterpieces of world literature. Don Quiote delineates the whold fabric of sixteenth century Spanish society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Constitutionalism is teh limitation of governmetn by law. Constitutionalism also implies a balance between teh authority and power of the government, on the one hand, and the rights and liberties of the subjects on the other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| They believed the Reformation had not gone far enough. They wanted to "purify" the Anglican church of Roman Catholic elements - elaborate vestments and ceremonials, bishops, the position of the altar in teh church, even the giving and wearing of wedding rings. |
|
|
Term
| Republican Government pg 551 |
|
Definition
| When Charles I was beheaded on January 30, 1649, teh kingship was abolished. A commonweath, or republic government, was proclaimed. Theoretically, legislative power rested in teh surviving members of Parliament, and executive power was lodged in teh council of state. |
|
|
Term
| Second Treatis of Civil Government pg 554 |
|
Definition
| Teh Glorious Revolution found its best defense in political philosopher John Locke's Second Treatis of Civil Government (1690). Lock (1632-1704) maintained that people set up civil governments to protect life, liberty, and property. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In the course of the eighteenth century, the bainet system of government evolved. The term cabinet derives from the small private room in which English rulers consulted their chief ministers. In a cabinet system, the leading ministers, who must have seats in and the support of a majority of the HOuse of Comons, formulate common policy and conduct the business of the country. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Within each province, an oligarchy of wealthy merchants called "regents" handled domestic affairs in the local Estates. The provincial Estates held virtually all teh power. A federal assembly, or States General, handled matters of foreign affiars, such as war. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The States General appointed a representative, the stadholder, in each province. As teh higest executive there, the stadholder carried out ceremonial functions and was responsible for defense and good order. |
|
|
Term
| Dutch East India Company pg 559 |
|
Definition
| In 1602 a group of the regents of Hlland formed the Dutch East India Company, a joint stock company. The investors each received a percentage of the profit proportional to the amount of money they had put in. |
|
|
