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| Tissue that conducts water |
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| Sugar that's manufactured by photosynthesis |
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| A wax secreted by cells which seals the leaf scar in the protective layer |
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| Separates the leaf from the stem. Cells breakdown by lysosome activity; responsible for leaf fall |
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| Cells secrete suberin (a wax) which seals the leaf scar |
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| Cell organelles that breakdown cells or parts of cells. In the separation layer, it breaks down the entire cell. |
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| Pigmentation in which photosynthesis occurs |
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| The only water soluable pigmentation |
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| Cell organelles that either contain pigments or stored food |
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Definition
| Xanthophyll is located in the ___ |
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Definition
| Chlorophyll is located in the ___ |
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| Carotene is located in the ___ |
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| Anthocyanin is located in the ___ |
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| Location on a stem where a leaf is attached |
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| The abscission zone forms at the base of the ___ |
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Term
1. Separation Layer
2. Protective Layer |
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Definition
| The two layers of the abscission zone |
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Definition
| These initiate abscission zone formation |
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| Longest and shortest days of the year |
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| The vernal equinox takes places in ___ |
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| The autumnal equinox takes places in ___ |
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| The summer solstice takes place in ___ |
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| The winter solstice takes place in ___ |
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| The solstices are ___ and ___ |
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| Lack of sufficient water = |
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| Length of time that individual lived = |
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1. Photoperiodocity
2. Thermoperiodocity
3. Drought
4. Age |
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Definition
The trigger mechanisms are:
1. ___
2. ___
3. ___
4. ___ |
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Definition
| Physiologically, what is best for the leaf? |
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1. Breaks down chlorophyll
2. Builds up sugar |
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Definition
Photosynthesis does two things:
1. ___
2. ___ |
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Definition
| In leaf fall, the breakdown of chlorophyll: |
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| Increases the anthocyanin. |
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Definition
| In leaf fall, the build up of sugar: |
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Term
1. Cloudy
2. Cool
3. Clammy
4. Calm |
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Definition
| Environmental conditions for best coloration: |
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Definition
| Keeps the supply of nutrients and water sealed off, and keeps glucose from getting out. (So that chlorophyll can't rebuild) |
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Definition
[Enviromental Conditions]
Cloudy is best because: |
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| Heat dehydrates the leaf. |
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Definition
[Enviromental Conditions]
Cool is best because: |
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- high relative humidity = lower transpiration
- rain knocks leaves off of the plant
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Definition
[Enviromental Conditions]
Clammy is best because: |
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| Wind knocks leaves off of a plant. |
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Definition
[Enviromental Conditions]
Calm is best because: |
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Definition
| An important factor in the trigger mechanisms of Evergreens. |
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Definition
| The cell structure that controls what enters and leaves the structure |
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1. Leucoplast
2. Chloroplast
3. Chromoplast |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Plastid that contains Chlorophyll |
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| Plastid that contains either Xanthophyll or Carotene |
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Definition
Cavity in the cell.
Contains Anthocyanin.
And toxins. |
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Definition
When something is STORED, it is a ___.
When something is MOVING, it is a ___.
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| Photosynthesis takes place in the ___. |
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- Absorbs water
- Absorbs nutrients
- Stores food
- Anchorage
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| The conducting cells of the phloem. |
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| The conducting cells of the xylem. |
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Definition
When chlorophyll isn't being rebuilt.
Leaf turns yellow.
Lack of green pigment. |
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Definition
Loss of water from the plant in the form of a vapor.
90%-95% of water in the plant. |
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| If one part of nature in the forest (the tree or the decomposer) benefits and lives well, so do the other parts. |
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Definition
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| Start out with a small plant. As more leaves grow, more leaves fall, more decomposers (bacteria and fungi) come, more digestion, more nutrients, so the plant grows bigger, more leaves, more leaf fall, more nutrients, etc. |
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Definition
| Snowball Effect illustration |
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Decomposition:
Decomposers [bacteria & fungi] on the ground break down the fallen leaves and recycle the chemical elements back to the tree. |
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Definition
| The way in which chemicals are made available to the leaf. |
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- Simple
- Palmately Compound
- Pinnately Compound
- Twice Pinnately Compound
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| 2 or more expanded parts: |
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- Parallel
- Netted
- Pinnately Netted
- Palmately Netted
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| Arrangement of the veins on the blade of the leaflets. |
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| Where the leaves are organized/located on the stem based on the number of leaves at each node. |
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- Alternate
- Opposite
- Whorled
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| Flattened part of the a SIMPLE leaf. |
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| Stem-like structure that attaches the leaf to the stem |
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Definition
| Brings major amount of food and water to the plant. |
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Definition
| Flattened parts of a COMPOUND leaf |
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Definition
| Stem-like part above petiole where the leaf attaches |
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Definition
| Modified leaves, on the stem, at the base of the leaf. |
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Definition
Little bit of tissue that prevents water from going inside the sheath
[A Dam] |
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| Based on the number of expanded parts and the arrangement of those parts. |
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| Node on the tip/end of the stem |
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Definition
Leaf type:
One (1) expanded part |
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Definition
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Definition
Leaf type:
All expanded parts meet at a central point. |
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Definition
Phyllotaxy:
2 leaves at a node |
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Definition
Phyllotaxy:
3 or more leaves at a node. |
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Definition
| Dicots all have ___ venation. |
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Definition
| Only Monocots have ___ venation. |
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1. In the leaf stem buds, flower buds, or mixed buds
2. In the epicotyl of the seed
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Definition
| Where do leaves originate? |
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Definition
| Loss of water in the form of a liquid. |
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| Loss of water in the form of vapor. |
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Definition
| ___ breaks down chlorophyll. |
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Definition
| The only pigment INCREASED by photosynthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
- Resin Canals
- Irregular Mesophyll Cells
- Endodermis
- Transfusion Tissue
- Sunken Stomate
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Definition
| Only gymnosperms have these. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypodermis and Endodermis cells |
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1. Sieve tubes
2. Companion cells |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Conducts glucose downward |
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Definition
| Deals with water and minerals |
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| If aleaf is a dicot, it's an ___. |
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Definition
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- No resin canals
- All stomates on one side |
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Definition
| Internal characteristics of Angiosperm |
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- Epidermis
- Vascular Bundle (vein)
- Mesophyll
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Definition
| THREE PARTS OF EVERY LEAF |
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Definition
| Type of venation in dicotyledons |
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Definition
| Have no venation and no margin |
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Definition
| Two layers of Palisad Mesophyll |
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Definition
| Mesophyll leaves with 2 or more palisade layers |
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Definition
| Mesophyll leaves with one palisade layer |
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Definition
| Water-conserving cells located on the upper epidermis |
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Definition
| Equal distance between vascular bundles |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Lets gases in, water out. |
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| All living organisms depend on plants |
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Definition
1. Living organism's bodies depend on the glucose that's manufactured by plants.
2. All of our fossil fuel (oil, petroleum, natural gas) was produced by photosynthesis. It's sugar. |
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Definition
| All animals are dependent upon plants. Our bodies are made from plant material. |
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Definition
| Living part of the cell that contains a lot of material (Genetic material, RNA, Ribosomes) |
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Definition
| Structures that open and closes the stomata |
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| Transpiration is loss of water in the form of vapor through the leaves. Guttation is the loss of water as a liquid. |
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Definition
| Difference between Transporation and Guttation: |
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Definition
| Increases surface area so photosynthesis can occur. |
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Definition
| A clear fluid all around the grana |
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Definition
| The cells responsible for photosynthesis |
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Definition
| The cells responsible for exchange of gases |
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| A pore in the leaf used for gas exchanged |
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| Enlarged epidermal cells that facilitate leaf rolling in response to water stress. |
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