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| The device of using a character or story element to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. IE: Animal farm is an allegory to the Russian Revolution, but it is also the tale of farm animals. |
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| A direct or indirect reference to something that is presumably commonly known. IE: art, music, major historical events etc |
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| The repetition of sounds in a sequence of words. IE: sally sells seashells by the sea shore |
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| The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. IE: (this isnt literature, but it's a decent example) the ending scene of Inception, in which the viewer never knows if the top stops spinning. |
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A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. IE: (Harry potter quote)
"Longbottom, if brains were gold, you'd be poorer than Weasley, and that's saying something."
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| The same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of 2+ lines, clauses, or sentences. IE: "It was the best of times it was the worst of times" |
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| A short narrative detailing particulars of an interesting event, most often in the life of a person. |
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| The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. |
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| A terse statement of a known authorship which expresses a great truth or moral priniciple; it is a summation of the author's point (if author is unknown it is generally considered a folk proverb) |
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| A figure of speech directed to an imaginary or absent person, as well as a personified abstraction such as liberty or love. It is an adress to someone who cannot answer. IE: "Why, cruel world? Why me?" |
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| The emotional mood created by the entirety of the work |
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| A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. Independent/main clause=stand alone as sentence. Dependent/subordinate clause=cannot stand alone, must be accompanied by main clause |
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| The use of slang or informalities in writing. IE: "the woman was kinda suspicious of him because he was one shady looking dude" |
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| A principle demanding that a piece is arranged so that its meaning is immediately apparant. |
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| A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. |
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| The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implies, suggestive meaning. IE: festering, gloomy, foul=negative connotation. Fragrant, bright, sweet=positive connotation |
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