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AP English III Fall Final Review
N/A
66
English
11th Grade
12/12/2011

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Term
Anadiplosis
Definition
Repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of following clause.
Term
Anaphora
Definition
The repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginnings of successive clauses.

This device produces a strong emotional effect, especially in speech. It also establishes a marked change in rhythm.
Term
Antimetabole
Definition
Repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order.
Term
Antithesis
Definition
The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, often used in parallel structure.
Term
Apposition
Definition
Placing side by side two coordinate elements, the second of which serves as an explanation or modification of the first.
Term
Asyndeton
Definition
Deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of related clauses.
Term
Chiasmus
Definition
The reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses.
Term
Climax
Definition
Arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of increasing importance.
Term
Ellipsis
Definition
Deliberate omission of a word or words which are readily implied by the context.
Term
Epanalepsis
Definition
Repetition at end of clause of the world that occurred at the beginning of the course.
Term
Epistrophe
Definition
Repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses.
Term
Hyperbole
Definition
the use of exaggeration as a rhetorical device or figure of speech. It may be Used to evoke strong feelings or to create a strong impression, but is not meant to be taken literally
Term
Isocolon
Definition
A succession of main clauses of approximately equal length and corresponding structure.
Term
Parallelism
Definition
Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related word, phrases, or clauses.
Term
Parenthesis
Definition
Insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentences
Term
Polyptoton
Definition
Repetition of words derived from the same root
Term
Polysyndeton
Definition
Deliberate use of many conjugations.
Term
Rhetorical Question
Definition
A figure of speech in the form of a question posed for its persuasive effect without the expectation of a reply
Term
Candid
Definition
Frank; outspoken; open and sincere
Term
Enthusiastic
Definition
Full of or characterized by enthusiasm
Term
Colloquial
Definition
Characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal
Term
Condemnatory
Definition
Serving to condemn
Condemn: to express an unfavorable or adverse judgment on; indicate strong disapproval of
Term
Outraged
Definition
A powerful feeling of resentment or anger aroused by something perceived as an injury, insult, or injustice
Term
Hysterical
Definition
Irrational from fear, emotion, or an emotional shock
Term
Consoling
Definition
To alleviate or lessen the grief, sorrow, or disappointment of; give solace or comfort
Term
Supportive
Definition
Providing sympathy or encouragement
Term
Sympathetic
Definition
Acting or affected by, of the nature of, or pertaining to a special affinity or mutual relationship
Term
Sneering
Definition
To speak or write in a manner expressive of derision or scorn
Term
Condescending
Definition
Showing or implying a usually patronizing descent from dignity or superiority:
Term
Judgmental
Definition
tending to make moral judgments
Judgement: the forming of an opinion, estimate, notion, or conclusion, as from circumstances presented to the mind
Term
Conventions
Definition
A rule, method, or practice established by usage
Term
Underlining vs. Quotation marks
Definition
Underlining when writing a title.
Quotation Marks when typing a title.
Term
Capitalization
Definition
Capitalization is the writing of a word with its first letter as an upper case and the remaining letters in lower case.
Term
Grammar
Definition
The set of structural rules that govern the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language
Term
Punctuation
Definition
Symbols that indicate the structure and organization of written language, as well as intonation and pauses to be observed when reading aloud.
Term
Argumentation
Definition
The act or process of forming reasons and of drawing conclusions and applying them to a case in discussion
Term
Defend
Definition
To maintain or support in the face of argument or hostile criticism defend a theory
Term
Refute
Definition
To prove wrong by argument or evidence
Term
Qualify
Definition
To clarify, to make more specific.
Term
Argument Terminology:Claim
Definition
Stats your position on the issue you have chosen to write about
Term
Argument Terminology::Evidence
Definition
Data that you cite to support your claim
Term
Argument Terminology:Warrant
Definition
Interprets the data and shows how it supports your claim in other words
Term
Rhetorical Triangle
Definition
Connecting speaker, subject, and audience all together.
Term
Analysis vs. Summary
Definition
ANALYSIS is examination, evaluation, dissection, interpretation, original opinion, reading
between the lines, connecting to other knowledge, etc. It is the goal of most expository
essays. The analyzer starts with a quotation or question and uses it to show his/her
understating and interpretation.

SUMMARY is recapitulation, review, retelling a story or scene without original thoughts or
interpretations. Summary is not the goal of expository essays. It is usually easier than
analysis because it requires less thought. Assume that the reader of your essay knows the
story and needs just the slightest reminde
Term
Steps in Analysis
Definition
Review the questions.

Organize the information.

Decide how to analyze information.

Analyze quantitative information.

Analyze qualitative information.

Integrate the information.
Term
Rhetorical Choices:Diction
Definition
Style of speaking or writing as dependent upon choice of words
Term
Rhetorical Choices:Syntax
Definition
The study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language
Term
Rhetorical Choices:Imagery
Definition
The formation of mental images, figures, or likenesses of things, or of such images collectively
Term
Rhetorical Choices:Figurative Language
Definition
The nature of or involving a figure of speech
Term
Rhetorical Choices:Structure
Definition
Mode of building, construction, or organization; arrangement of parts, elements, or constituents
Term
Rhetorical Choices:Tone
Definition
A particular quality, way of sounding, modulation, or intonation of the voice as expressive of some meaning, feeling, spirit.
Term
Syntax Constructs:Functional
Definition
Something able to fulfill its purpose or function
Term
Syntax Constructs: Grammatical
Definition
The rules about how to speak and write well in a language.
Term
Syntax Constructs:Rhetorical
Definition
Is the art of discourse, an art that aims to improve the facility of speakers or writers who attempt to inform, persuade, or motivate particular audiences in specific situations
Term
Functional:Declarative
Definition
A sentence in the form of a statement.
Term
Functional:Interrogative
Definition
An interrogative sentence is a sentence that asks a question.
Term
Functional:Imperative
Definition
An imperative sentence is a sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or command.
Term
Functional:Exclamatory
Definition
An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that expresses strong feelings by making an exclamation.
Term
Grammatical:Simple
Definition
A sentence structure that contains one independent clause and no dependent clauses.
Term
Grammatical:Compound
Definition
Composed of at least two independent clauses. It does not require a dependent clause. The clauses are joined by a coordinating conjunction (with or without a comma), a correlative conjunction (with or without a comma), a semicolon that functions as a conjunction, or a conjunctive adverb preceded by a semicolon. A conjunction can be used to make a compound sentence. The use of a comma to separate two independent clauses is called a comma splice and is generally considered an error
Term
Grammatical:Complex
Definition
A complex sentence is a sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Term
Grammatical:Compound-Complex
Definition
A compound-complex sentence is made from two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
Term
Rhetorical:Periodic
Definition
Main idea is not found until towards the end of the sentence.
Term
Rhetorical:Cumulative
Definition
Main idea present in the sentence first then other information.
Term
Clauses: Dependent
Definition
A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought.
Term
Clauses: Independent
Definition
An independent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. An independent clause is a sentence.
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