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AP Comp Gov, Chapter 8
Current and Former Communist Regimes
30
Political Studies
12th Grade
02/02/2010

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Term
Bourgeoisie
Definition
a Marxist term to describe the capitalist class
Term
Command Economy
Definition
a centrally planned and controlled economy. This kind of economy operated in the former Soviet Union and other communist countries
Term
Communism
Definition
theory developed by Marx and Engels that was adapted and used in such countries as China and the former Soviet Union
Term
Contradictions
Definition
Marxist notion that all societies based on inequality have uilt in flaws that will eventually lead to their destruction
Term
Cult of Personality
Definition
the excessive adulation of a single leader
Term
Democratic Centralism
Definition
the Leninist organizational structure that concentrates power in the hands of the party elite
Term
Dialectic
Definition
the belief that change occurs in dramatic bursts from one type of society to another
Term
Glasnost
Definition
under Gorbachev, Soviet policies that opened up the political system and allowed for freedom of expression
Term
Historical Materialism
Definition
Marxist belief that the class divisions of a society determine everything else that matters
Term
Marxism-Leninism
Definition
the philosophy adopted by ruling communist parties, which combined Marxist analysis with Leninist organizational structures and tactics
Term
Means of Production
Definition
Marxist term designating the dominant way goods are created in a given society
Term
Nomenklatura
Definition
the Soviet system of lists that facilitated the CPSU's appointment of trusted people to key positions, adopted by other communist regimes
Term
Party State
Definition
the notion that the CPSU and other ruling communist parties dominated their entire political systems
Term
Perestrokia
Definition
ill-fated programs to reform the Soviet economy in the late 1980s
Term
Proletariat
Definition
Marxist term for the working class
Term
Satellites
Definition
the countries in eastern and central Europe that came under communist rule after WWII
Term
Shock Therapy
Definition
policies in formerly communist countries that envisage as rapid a shift to a market economy as possible
Term
Socialism
Definition
a variety of beliefs in the pulic ownership of the means of production and an egalitarian distribution of wealth and income
Term
Totalitarianism
Definition
regime in which the state has all ut total power
Term
Bolsheviks
Definition
Lenin's faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party; later, anyone who subscribed to his views and/or organization
Term
Cominterm
Definition
the interwar coalition of Communist Parties directed from Moscow
Term
Cultural Revolution
Definition
the period of upheavel in China from the mid 1960s to the mid 1970s
Term
De-Stalinization
Definition
the shift away from Stalinist policies and practices beginning with Khrushchev's secret speech in 1956
Term
General Secretary
Definition
general term used to denote the head of a Communist Party
Term
Politburo
Definition
generic term used to descrie the leadership of Communist parties
Term
Secretarist
Definition
generic term used to denote the ureaucratic leaders of a Communist party
Term
Solidarity
Definition
the anti-Communist union formed in Poland in the 1980s
Term
Third International
Definition
Moscow-dominated organization of Communist parties around the world etween the two world wars
Term
Tiananmen Square
Definition
symbolic heart of Chinese politics; site in Bejing of protests and a massacre in 1989
Term
Warsaw Pact
Definition
alliance that was the Communist world's equivelent of NATO
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