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AP Comp Gov, Chapter 4
Great Britian
30
Political Studies
12th Grade
01/21/2010

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Term
Backbenchers
Definition
members of a parliament who are not in the government or shadow cabinet
Term
Collective Responsibility
Definition
the doctrine that all cabinet members must agree with all decisions
Term
Collectivist Census
Definition
cross-party British support for the welfare state that lasted until the late 1970s
Term
Corporatism
Definition
arrangements through which government, business, and labor leaders cooperatively set microeconomic and macroeconomic policy, normally outside of the regular electoral legislative process.
Term
Devolution
Definition
the process of decentralizing power from national governments that stops short of federalism
Term
Euroskeptic
Definition
People opposed to expansion of the EU's power
Term
First-Past-The-Post
Definition
electoral system based on single-member districts in which the candidate who receives the most votes wins
Term
Gradualism
Definition
the belief that change should occur slowly or incrementally
Term
Magna Carta
Definition
established the king was not the absolute monarch and forced to rule in parliament with consent of the nobility before imposing any money laws
Term
Manifesto
Definition
another term for a party's platfrom in an election campaign
Term
Nationalization
Definition
philosophies or attitudes that stress the importance of extending the power or support for a nation; government takeover of private business
Term
Privatization
Definition
the selling off of state-owned companies
Term
Proportional Representation
Definition
Electoral system in which parties receive a number of seats in parliament proportionate to their share of the vote
Term
Shadow Cabinet
Definition
the official leadership of the opposition party that "shadoes" the cabinet
Term
Third Way
Definition
a term used to describe the new and more central left-wing parties of the 1990s, most notably Britain's "New Labor"
Term
Three-Line Whip
Definition
statements to MPs that they must vote according to the paty's wishes
Term
White Paper
Definition
a government statement that outlines proposed legislation; the last stage before the submission of a formal bill
Term
Tony Blair
Definition
British prime minister since 1997 and architect of "New Labour"
Term
Margaret Thatcher
Definition
Conservative and first woman prime minister of great Britain, 1979-1990
Term
Beveridge Report
Definition
published in the 1940s; set the stage for the British welfare
Term
Conservative Party
Definition
Britain's most important right-or-center party, in power more often than not for two centuries
Term
Good Friday Agreement
Definition
a practical peace agrement reached by the major parties in Nothern Ireland with the British and Irish governments on, not surprisingly, Good Friday 1998
Term
Great Reform Act
Definition
Law passed in 1832 that expanded the suffrage; widely seen as a key step toward democracy in Britain
Term
House of Commons
Definition
the all-important lower house of the British Parliament
Term
House of Lords
Definition
the weaker upper house of the British Parliament, slated for reform or abolition
Term
Labour Party
Definition
the leading left-wing party in Britain, in power since 1997
Term
Liberal Democratic Party
Definition
the number-three party and in some ways the most radical
Term
Maastricht Treaty
Definition
created the EU and EMU; signed in 1992
Term
Social Democratic Party
Definition
part of the Liberal Democrat party
Term
Tories
Definition
informal name for Britain's Conservative Party
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