Metric System Unit For:

1.  Mass
2. Lenght
3. Volume
4. Time

1. gram
2. liter
3. meter
4. second

Metric Abbreviations

1.  1,000,000
2. 1000
3. 100
4. 10

1. mega
2. kilo
3. hecto
4. deka

Express:

1. 100 Grams
2. 1/10 Liter
3. 1000 Meters
4. 0.001 Grams

1. 1 hectogram
2. 1 deciliter
3. 1 kilometer
4. 1 milligram

Metric Symbol:

1. Gram
2. Meter
3. Liter

1. Gram= g
2. Meter= m
3. Liter= L

Metric Abbreviations:

1. Mega
2. Kilo
3. Hecto
4. Deka
5. Deci
6. Centi
7. Milli
8. Nano

1. Mega= M
2. Kilo= k
3. Hecto= h
4. Deka= dk
5. Deci= d
6. Centi= c
7. Milli= m
8. Nano= n

Metric Abbreviations:

1. Decigram
2. Kiloliter
3. Hectometer
4. Milligram

1. dg
2. kL
3. hm
4. mg

Notice which letters are capital and which aren't.

Conversion Factor

A fraction which expresses an equality between two units of measurement and can be used to convert from 1 to the other.

(Ex. 1 kg / 1000 g)

Conversion Factors-

1. Inches to feet
2. Grams to kilograms
3. Miles to kilometer

1. 1 foot / 12 inches
2. 1 kilogram / 1000 grams
3. 1 mile / 1.61 Km

Use Conversion Factors to Solve:

1. How many kilograms in 2000 grams?
2. How many feet in 60 inches?

1.  (2000 g)(1 kg / 1000 g) = 2 kg
2. (60") X (1′ / 12") = 5 feet

Significant Digits

Digits which are measured

All non-zeros are significant

Zeros are significant unless they are placeholders

How many significant digits?

1. 300
2. 0.0020
3. 4006
4. 5.00

1. 300
2. 0.0020
3. 4006
4. 5.00

(Significant digits are underlined)

Scientific Notation

A number expressed as

A X 10^B

( A is between 1.00 and 9.99 and B is an interger)

Convert to scientific notation

1. 695
2. 0.04
3. 3000

1. 6.95 x 10²
2. 4 x 10^-2
3. 3 x 10³

Convert from scientific notation

1. 1.23 x 10⁴
2. 6 x 10^-3

1. 12300
2. 0.006

Conversion Formulas:

1. Celsius to Fahrenheit
2. Celsius to Kelvin

1. °Farenheit = (1.8 x °Celsius) + 32
2. Kelvin = °Celsius + 273

Convert:

1. 100° Celsius to Kelvin
2. 30° Celsius to °Farenheit

1. K = °C + 273

K = 100 + 273 = 373 K

  2. °F = (1.8 x °C) + 32

°F = (1.8 x 30) + 32 = 86°F

Absolute Zero

Value in Kelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit?

Lowest possible temperature where are atomic motion ceases.

0 K, -273° C, -460° F

1. Scientific Laws
2. Hypothesis

1. An event which occurs with unvaring regularity. Often expressed in a mathematical equation. Example: Einstein's Law of Relativity: E = mc²
2. A tentative explanation of observations which requires further experimentation. It must be scientifically testable. Example: "You are the best dancer" is not testable.

1. Energy
2. Matter

1. The ability to do work; it is released or absorbed during chemical reactions in the form of heat, light, electricity. (calorie, Joule: 1 cal = 4.18J)
2. A substance that occupies space and has mass.

Compare:

Weight and Mass

In a substance:

Mass is the amount of matter

Weight measures gravitational force.

Mass never varies; weight does.

Compare:

Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy is energy due to the position or stored energy.

Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion.

A rock on top of a hill has potential energy. As it falls it has kinetic energy.

Metric Abbreviations:

Seconds, Celsius, Kelvin, Moles, Amperes

Seconds - s

Celsius - °C

Kelvin - K

Moles - mol

Amperes - A

Metric Prefixes For:

1. 0.1
2. 0.01
3. 0.001
4. 0.000000001

1. deci
2. centi
3. milli
4. nano

What are the volume and mass of water at 4° Celsius?

At 4 °C water is at maximum density.

1g occupies 1 ml or 1 cm^3.

Therefore, 1 1 weighs 1 kg.

Compare freezing and boiling points of water in these temperature scales.

Celsius, Kelvin, Farenheit

°F

freezing: 32

boiling: 212

°C

freezing: 0

boiling: 100

K

freezing: 273

boiling: 373

1. Explain how to convert a number greater that 1 to scientific notation.
2. Explain how to convert a number less that 1 to scientific notation.

1. Move decimal point to left until only 1 digit remains to left. Indicate number of moves as a positive exponent of 10. (3301 = 3.301 x 10³)
2. Move decimal point to right until only 1 digit remains to left. Indicate number of moves as a negative exponent of 10. (0.00356 = 3.56 x 10^-3)

1. Explain the rules for multiplication of number in scientific notation.
2. Explain the rules for division of numbers in scientific notation.

1. Multiply the first numbers and ass the exponents.

(3 x 10⁵)(2 x 10³) = 6 x 10⁸

  2. Divide the first numbers and subtract the exponents.

(8x 10⁶)/(2 x 10¹⁰) = 4 x 10^-4

Compare:

Precision and Accuracy

precision- the reliability or reproducibility of a measurement

accuracy - how close a measurement is to the accepted value

Degree of Uncertainty

The uncertainty in a measurement depends on the skill of the person doing the measureing limitations of the measuring instrument. The last significant figure in a measurement is always uncertain.

Metric Units for:

1. Temperature
2. Electric Current
3. Amount of a Substance

1. Celsius or Kelvin
2. Ampere
3. Mole