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AP Campbell Biology 9th edition (AICE) midterm
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22
Biology
10th Grade
12/15/2012

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Term
cell division
Definition
the reproduction of cells
Term
cell cycle
Definition
the life of a cell from its creation to death
Term
genome
Definition
a cells endowment of DNA
Term
chromosomes
Definition
dna packed into structures
Term
chromatin
Definition
the entire complex of building materials used to create proteins
Term
somatic cells
Definition
all cells in the human body other than gametes (sex cells)
Term
gametes
Definition
sex cells
Term
sister chromatids
Definition
joined copies of a chromosome
Term
centromere
Definition
a region in each sister chromatid that contains specific DNA sequences where the chromatid is attached most closely with its sister chromatid
Term
mitosis
Definition
the division of genetic material in the nucleus
Term
cytokinisis
Definition
the division of the cytoplasm
Term
interphase
Definition
stage of cell division that accounts for 90% of the cells life
Term
g1 phase
Definition
"gap 1" the cell grows and this stage acts as a checkpoint to either continue or stop mitosis
Term
s phase
Definition
"synthesis" the stage where DNA is duplicated
Term
g2
Definition
"gap 2" the cell grows and this stage acts as a checkpoint to either continue or stop mitosis
Term
aster
Definition
a radial array of short microtubules that extends out from each centrosome
Term
kinetocore
Definition
a structure of protiens associated with specific sections of chromosomal DNA
Term
metaphase plate
Definition
middle of the cell
Term
cleavage
Definition
the porocess of cytokinisis in animal cells
Term
cleavage furrrow
Definition
a shallow grove in the cells surface near the old metaphase plate
Term
binary fission
Definition
prokaryotic reproduction
Term
origin of replication
Definition
the place in E coli where cell division is initiated when the DNA begins to replicate
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