Term
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Definition
| The number of protons in an atom |
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Term
What are the three groups of carbohydrates?
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Definition
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides |
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Term
| Chitin is a structural molecule in what? |
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Definition
| Fungus cell walls, exoskeletons |
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Term
| In what type of molecule are the charges of the atoms unevenly distributed? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A polypeptide is a chain of chemically combined amino acids |
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Term
| Cellulose is a structural molecule in what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The slightly positive charge of the hydrogen atom is attracted to the negative area of another molecule. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two like molecules bonding together |
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Term
| What is Benedict's Solution? |
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Definition
| Used to test for the presence of sugars |
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Term
| Is water more/less dense upon freezing? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A single unit, or MONOMER, repeated. |
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Term
Nonpolar covalent bonds will dissolve in:
Water/ Nonpolar Substances |
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Definition
| Nonpolar substances because they don't have charged poles |
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Term
| Triglycerides are made up of what? |
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Definition
| Three fatty acids and a glycerol molecule |
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Term
| What is a dehydration rxn? |
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Definition
| A condensation rxn where a water molecule is lost. |
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Term
| Why is a phospholipid different from a lipid? |
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Definition
| A phospholipid is different from a lipid because one of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group and a variable "R" |
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Term
| A polysaccharide is a polymer of repeating what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Glycogen is a major energy storage molecule in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are phospholipids called amphipathic? |
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Definition
| Because they have both a hydrophobic area (tails) and a hydrophilic area (heads) |
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Term
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Definition
| The degree to which a substance changes temperature in response to a gain or loss of heat. |
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Term
| What happens to electrons in an ionic bond? |
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Definition
| They are transferred from one atom to another |
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Term
| What makes up fatty acids? |
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Definition
| Hydrocarbons & a carboxyl group (-COOH) |
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Term
| How many bonds will ALL carbon atoms always have? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe capillary action |
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Definition
| When liquid is drawn up a tube through the forces of adhesion and cohesion |
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Term
| What is the formula for a sugar molecule? |
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Definition
(CH2O)n
where n is any # 3-8 |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to test for the presence of proteins |
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Term
| Starch is the principal energy storage molecule in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Sudan III used for? |
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Definition
| To test for the presence of lipids |
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Term
| Why is water sometimes used by people to turn pages? |
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Definition
| Water has strong adhesion, it is "sticky" |
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Term
What is this formation of?
o--o
o--o
o--o |
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Definition
A phospholipid
(sort of xD Bad picture but you know what it is) |
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Term
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Definition
| The bond between two amino acid molecules to make a protein molecule |
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Term
| What gives molecules properties? |
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Definition
| Functional groups (similar clusters of atoms) |
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Term
| Characteristics of a fatty acid are what? |
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Definition
-Single covalent bond between carbons
-2 hydrogen atoms per atom
Ratio (in terms of o:c:h)
1:1:2 |
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Term
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Definition
| A stain used to increase the contrast of cell parts under a microscope |
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Term
| What happens to electrons in a covalent bond? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| In all nucleic acids and proteins |
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Term
| What is Lugol's Iodine for? |
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Definition
| To test for the presence of starches |
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Term
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Definition
A 7+ to 14 on the pH scale
More OH than H in a solution |
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Term
| What is glycogen? (type of molecule) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
A 0-7 on the pH scale
More H than OH in a solution |
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Term
What elements are found in all organic molecules?
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Definition
| Carbon (and in almost all cases hydrogen as well) |
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Term
| How are the sugar molecules in disaccharides joined? |
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Definition
Glycosidic linkage
(a water molecule is taken out of them) |
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Term
| Why can bugs walk on water? |
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Definition
| It has strong cohesion & high surface tension |
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Term
| What are steroids characterized by? |
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Definition
| A backbone of 4 linked carbon rings |
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Term
| How are electrons shared in a nonpolar covalent bond? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lipids are only soluble in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does water become less dense when frozen? |
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Definition
| Hydrogen bonds are usually weak, but when frozen they become rigid, separating the molecules. |
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Term
| What are the 4 major organic compounds found & produced in the living cell? |
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Definition
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids |
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Term
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Definition
| The # of H and OH ions in a solution |
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Term
| What is cellular respiration? |
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Definition
| The removal of energy from food molecules and it's conversion into ATP form for cells to use. |
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Term
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Definition
| The attractive force between unlike molecules |
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Term
| What are the 7 Life Processes? |
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Definition
Respiration
Regulation
Growth
Excretion
Synthesis
Transport
Nutrition |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to regulate the chemical processes and maintain a stable living environment |
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Term
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Definition
| An indicator that turns from yellow at a pH of 6 to blue at a pH of 7.6 |
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Term
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Definition
| All the chemical rxns working together to enable an organism to live. |
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Term
| What type of covalent bond are the electrons shared unequally? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula |
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Term
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Definition
| An indicator that turns from clear at a pH of 8.3 to red at a pH of 10 |
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms joined by covalent bonds |
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