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ap biology
community structure and biodiversity
20
Biology
12th Grade
05/02/2011

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Term
species richness
Definition
the number of species, and their relative abundances.
Term
niche
Definition
the sum of its activities and interactions as it goes about acquiring and using the resources it must have to survive and reproduce.
Term
commensalism
(symbiosis)
Definition
directly benefits one species but affects the other little, if at all.
Term
mututalism
(symbiosis)
Definition
relationship where both species benefit.
Term
predation/parasitism(symbiosis)
Definition
directly benefits one species while harming the other.
Term
interspective competition
Definition
one species wins or loses with respect to access of some resource.
Term
exploitative competition
Definition
different species have equal access to a resource but one is better at using it.
Term
competitive exclusion
Definition
any two species differ to a greater or lesser extent in their capacity to secure and use resources. the more they overlap in these respects, the less likely they are to coexist in the sam habitat.
Term
resource partitioning
Definition
a subdividing of some category of similar resources, which allows competing species to coexist.
Term
coevolution
Definition
the joint evolution of two species interacting so closely that a change in the structure, function, or behavior, of one exerts selection pressure on the other over the generations.
Term
camouflaging
Definition
body forming, patterning, color, behavior, or some combination of these that helps the animal blend in with the surrounding, therefore avoiding detection.
Term
mimicry
Definition
an ecological association between one species that is a model for deception and a different species, trying to resemble another species to avoid detection.
Term
warning coloration
Definition
when a species alerts a prey that he has poison or toxins in its body by giving a visible signal like a butterflies coloring or a bearded dragons beard!
Term
parasitoids
Definition
parasites that directly kill their host.
Term
pioneer species
Definition
opportunistic colonizers of new or recently vacated habitat and leads to other species joining them and repopulating the area.
Term
primary succession
Definition
the process of pioneer species taking over a habitat, making it possible for other species to joint he habitat.
Term
secondary succession
Definition
when a disturbed area in a community recovers.
Term
keystone species
Definition
when a species has such a disproportionately large effect on the community relative to its abundance.
Term
geographic dispersal
Definition
when an established species moves out of their home and successfully takes residence elsewhere
Term
exotic species
Definition
a resident of an established community that dispersed from its home range and became reestablished elsewhere.
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