Term
Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which one of the following sequences illustrates that hierarchy as it increases in complexity?
A. ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, tissue
B. cell, molecule, organ system, organ, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem, community
C. organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, community, cell, ecosystem, molecule
D. molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem
E. ecosystem, molecule, cell, tissue, organism, organ system, organ, community |
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Definition
| D. molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem |
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Term
If you eat a hamburger, you are mainly eating ground- up beef muscle. What levels of organization are represented in this ground-up muscle?
A. organism, population, and community
B. organ, organ system, and organism
C. community, ecosystem, and biosphere
D. organelle, cell, and tissue
E. tissue, organ and organ system |
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Definition
| A. organism, population, and community |
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Term
Your instructor asks you to look into your microscope to see a prokaryotic cell. You will be looking for a cell that:
A) has a nucleus
B) has a membrane
C)makes up most of the tissues of your body
D) is much larger than most cells in your body
E) does not use DNA to code genetic information |
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Definition
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Members of the Kingdom Animalia:
A) can obtain their food either by absorption or by photosynthesis
B) are composed of cells that lack a cell wall
C) are composed of cells that are surrounded by a cell wall
D) are composed of cells that lack a cell membrane
E) are composed of cells that are surrounded by a cell wall and that lack a cell membrane |
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Definition
| B) are composed of cells that lack a cell wall |
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Term
The ultimate source of energy flowing into nearly all ecosystems is
A. wind
B. sunlight
C. electricity
D. geothermal vents
E. radioactivity |
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Definition
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Term
A scientist examining a group of cells under the microscope notices the presence of nuclei within these cells. Chemical tests reveal that each cell is surrounded by a wall composed of cellulose. These cells must come from an organism that is a member of the Kingdom:
A. Monera
B. protista
c. plantae
d. fungi
e. animalia |
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Definition
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Term
The role of a control in an experiment is to
A. provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group
b. prove that a hypothesis is correct
c. ensure repeatability
d. prove that a hypothesis is correct and ensure repeatability
e. none of the choices are correct |
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Definition
| A. provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group |
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Term
You have designed an experiment to test the effect of water on the growth of bread mold. In this case, the presence of water represents the
a. theory
b. data
c. hypothesis
d. variable |
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Definition
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which of the following statements represents a good hypothesis?
a. shoofly pie tastes good
b. the swimming speed of Artemia increases at higher temperatures
c. hemophilia is also known as the bleeder's disease
d. since sparrows, robins, and pigeons are all birds and have wings, all birds have wings |
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Definition
| b. the swimming speed of Artemia increases at higher temperatures |
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Term
a covalent bond is one in which:
a. electrons are removed from one atom and transferred to another atom so that the two atoms become oppositely charged
b. protons and neutrons are shared by two atoms so as to satisfy the requirements of both
c. outer shell electrons on one atom are transferred to the inner electron shell of another atom
d. outer shell electrons are shared by two atoms so as to satisfactorily fill the outer shells of both |
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Definition
| d. outer shell electrons are shared by two atoms so as to satisfactorily fill the outer shells of both |
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Term
in a water molecule, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the shared electrons are more commonly found around the _ nucleus than the _ nucleus
a. oxygen; hydrogen
b. hydrogen; oxygen
c. hydrogen; other hydrogen
d. oxygen; nitrogen |
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Definition
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Term
if the pH of a solution is decreased from 7 to 6, it means that the
a. concentration of H+ has decreased to 1/10 of what it was at pH 7
b. concentration of H+ has increased 10 times what it was at pH7
c. concentration of OH- has increased 10 times what it was at pH7
d. concentration of OH- has increased by 1/7 of what it was at pH7 |
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Definition
| b. concentration of H+ has increased 10 times what it was at pH7 |
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Term
A pH of 4 is _ times more _ than a pH of 7
a. 3; basic
b. 3; acidic
c. 1000; basic
d. 1000; acidic |
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Definition
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Term
A stalk of celery is placed in a solution of blue colored dye. After one hour, the leaves have blue fluid in their veins. Which property of water is being demonstrated?
a. high specific heat
b. adhesion and cohesion
c. lower density as a solid than as a liquid
d. heat of transformation |
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Definition
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Term
it takes one calorie of heat to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celcius at sea level. This is referred to as the _ of water.
a. heat of fusion
b. heat of vaporization
c. specific heat
d. heat of transformation |
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Definition
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Term
each of the following molecules is a polymer EXCEPT:
a. protein
b. glucose
c. cellulose
d. starch
e. glycogen |
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Definition
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Term
a scientist performs a controlled experiment. This means that
a. the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate
b. the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data
c. two experiments are conducted, one different from the other by only a single variable
d. two experiments are conducted, one differing from the other by two or more variables
e. one experiment is performed, but the scientist controls the variables |
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Definition
| c. two experiments are conducted, one different from the other by only a single variable |
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Term
the four most common elements in living organisms are
a. c h o fe
b. c h o na
c. c h o n
d. c n o na
e. fe n o ca |
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Definition
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Term
matter:
a. is what life is composed of
b. occupies space
c. has mass
d. is composed of elements
e. all of the choices are correct |
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Definition
| e. all of the choices are correc |
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Term
which one of the following is commonly added to table salt to prevent the formation of goiters?
a. iodine
b. iron
c. calcium
d. magnesium
e. fluoride |
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Definition
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Term
in the equation 2h2 + o2 --> 2 h20,
a. h2, o2, and h20 are all compounds
b. h2, 02, and h2o are all elements
c. only h2o is a compound
d. only h2 and o2 are compounds
e. h2, o2, and h2o are all trace elements |
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Definition
| c. only h2o is a compound |
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Term
the nucleus of an atom contains:
a. protons and neutrons
b. protons and electrons
c. only neutrons
d. only protons
e. only electrons |
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Definition
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Term
The atomic number of an atom is
a. the number of protons in the atom
b. the number of electrons in the atom
c. the number of neutrons int he atom
d. the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in the atom
e. the net electrical charge of the atom |
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Definition
| a. the number of protons in the atom |
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Term
Which of the following statements about radioactive isotopes is/are true?
a. the nuclei of radioactive isotopes are unusually stable, but the atoms tend to lose electrons
b. when given a choice between radioactive and nonradioactive isotopes of the same atom, living cells are more likely to incorporate the radioactive isotopes into their structures
c. the tracers typically used for diagnosing medical problems remain radioactive in the body for a number of years, but give off very low levels of radioactive energy
d. the energy emitted by radioactive isotopes can break chemical bonds and cause molecular damage in cells
e. all of the choices are true |
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Definition
| d. the energy emitted by radioactive isotopes can break chemical bonds and cause molecular damage in cells |
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Term
Unsaturated and saturated fatty acids differ in that the former have:
a. more oxygen atoms
b. fewer carboxyl groups
c. carbon to carbon double bonds
d. more hydrogen atoms
e. amino groups |
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Definition
| c. carbon to carbon double bonds |
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Term
lipid molecules are also known as triglycerides since they contain three:
a. glycerol molecules
b. fatty acids
c. hydroxyl alcohols
d. phosphates
e. polar groups |
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Definition
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Term
all of the following are considered proteins except:
a. antibodies
b. enzymes c. collagen
d. dehydrogenase
e. steroids |
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Definition
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Term
two examples of mono saccharides are
a. maltose and sucrose
b. glucose and galactose
c. sucrose and lactose
d. glycogen and starch
e. fructose and lactose |
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Definition
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Term
as a result of the denaturation process, which of the following occurs:
a. the disulfide linkages remain intact
b. the weak attractions between various parts of the molecule are undisturbed
c. the three dimensional conformation of the molecule is changed
d. the primary structure of the protein is altered
e. the normal activity of the protein is unaffected |
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Definition
| c. the three dimensional conformation of the molecule is changed |
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Term
the cellular structure that is involved in producing ATP during aerobic respiration is the
a. nucleus
b. nucleolus
c. chloroplasts
d. mitochondria
e. endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
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Term
the plasma membrane consists mostly of
a. proteins embedded in a carbohydrate bilayer
b. phospholipids embedded in a protein bilayer
c. proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
d. proteins embedded in a nucleic acid bilayer
e. proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose molecules |
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Definition
| c. proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer |
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Term
What is used by white blood cells to ingest bacteria?
a. simple diffusion
b. exocytosis
c. osmosis
d. active transport
e. endocytosis |
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Definition
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Term
which process specifically moves water molecules across a differentially permeable membrane?
a. simple diffusion
b. exocytosis
c. osmosis
d. active transport
e. endocytosis |
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Definition
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Term
which process explains the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient?
a. simple diffusion
b. exocytosis
c. osmosis
d. active transport
e. endocytosis |
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Definition
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Term
which process explains the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient?
a. simple diffusion
b. exocytosis
c. osmosis
d. active transport.
e. endocytosis |
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Definition
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Term
a single celled freshwater organism, such as a protista, is transferred to saltwater. which of the following is likely to happen?
a. the cell bursts
b. salt is pumped out of the cell
c. the cell shrinks
d. enzymes flow out of cell
e. water flow into the cell |
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Definition
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Term
which of the following is true of exergonic reactions?
a. starts with reactants with high potential energy
b. yields products with high potential energy
c. are anabolic
d. decrease in entropy
e. include reactions like photosynthesis |
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Definition
| a. starts with reactants with high potential energy |
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Term
the function of an enzymes is to do all of the following EXCEPT:
a. add energy for the reactants to absorb
b. speed up the rate of the reaction
c. lower the activation energy
d. catalyze the reaction
e. remain unchanged throughout the reaction |
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Definition
| a. add energy for the reactants to absorb |
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Term
When full, the innermost electron shell of an atom contains _ electrons, and the outermost shell contains _ electrons
a. 2...2.
b. 2...8
c. 4...8
d. 8...2
e. 8...8 |
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Definition
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