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| In animals, an often ritualized contest that determines which competitor gains access to a resource, such as food or mates. |
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| Selflessness; behavior that reduces an individual’s fitness while increasing the fitness of another individual. |
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| natural selection that favor alturistic behavior by enhaning the reproductive sucess of relatives |
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| The acquired ability to associate one environmental feature (such as a color) with another (such as danger). |
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| (in animals) Individually, an action carried out by muscles or glands under control of the nervous system in response to a stimulus; collectively, the sum of an animal’s responses to external and internal stimuli. |
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| The study of the evolution of and ecological basis for animal behavior. |
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| (ser-ka´-de-un) A physiological cycle of about 24 hours that is present in all eukaryotic organisms and that persists even in the absence of external cues. |
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| A type of associative learning in which an arbitrary stimulus becomes associated with a particular outcome. |
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| coefficient of relatedness |
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| The fraction of genes that, on average, are shared by two individuals. |
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| The process of knowing that may include awareness, reasoning, recollection, and judgment. |
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| A neural representation of the abstract spatial relationships between objects in an animal’s surroundings. |
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| The cognitive method of devising a way to proceed from one state to another in the face of real or apparant obstacles |
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| the basis of analysing behavior as a compromise between feeding costs and feeding benifits |
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| Altruistic behavior between unrelated individuals, whereby the altruistic individual benifits in the future when the benificiary reciprocates (recipricates- to give something in response) |
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| The principal that for natural selection to favor an altruistic act, to benifit the recipiant, devalued by the coeficiant of relatedness, must exceed the cost to the altruist |
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| the study of how animals behave particulary in the natural enviroments |
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| The study of social behavior based on evololutionary theory |
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| a system of information transfer through social learning or teaching that influences the behavior of individuals in a population |
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| A changing rate or change in activity in response to a stimulis |
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| an external sensorary cue that triggers a fap by an animal |
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