Term
|
Definition
| studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gross or macroscopic anatomy
regional anatomy
systemic anatomy
surface anatomy
microscopic anatomy cytology hystology
developmental anatomy
embryology
|
|
|
Term
| gross or macroscopic anatomy |
|
Definition
| study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart lungs and kidneys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the structures in a particular region of the body such as the abdomanen or leg are examined @ a particular time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body structure is studied system by system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deals w/ structures too small to be seen with the naked eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of tissues of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| traces structural changes that occur in the body throughout the lifespan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subdivision of developmental anatomy that deals w/ the changes that occur b4 birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| would you be studying anatomy or physiology if u were investigating how muscles shorten |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concerns the functions of the bodys parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
renal physiology
neurphysiology
cardiovascular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concerns kidney function and urine production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explains the workings of the nervoius system |
|
|
Term
| cardiovascular physiology |
|
Definition
| examines operation of the heart and blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
what a structure can do depends on its form
. ex. bones can support and protect body organs because they contain hard mineral deposits |
|
|
Term
| in what ways do physiology depend on anatomy |
|
Definition
| form + function. anatomy is the structure and physiology is the functure. incorrect form gives off an incorrect function. one relies on the other |
|
|
Term
| levels of structural organization |
|
Definition
atom
chemicalmolecules
organelle
cellular cells
tissue
organ
organ system
organismal level organism |
|
|
Term
chemical level
(simplest form) |
|
Definition
| atoms combine to form molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells are made up of molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consist of similar types of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made up of different types of tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consist of different organs that work closely together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
represents the sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive
humans aRE MADE UP OF MANY OF THESE WORKIN TOGETHER |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what level of structual organization is cytology involved with? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which structural level involves the study of how blood flows through the body |
|
|
Term
necessary life functions
maintaing the boundaries between internal and external environments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
necessary life functions
movment (contractactibility) |
|
Definition
of body parts (skeletal muscle)
of substances (cardiac and smooth muscle) |
|
|
Term
| necessary life functions responsivenesss- |
|
Definition
the ability to sense and respond to stimuli
-withdrawal reflex, control of breathing |
|
|
Term
necessary life functions
digestion |
|
Definition
| - breakdown of ingested food stuff and absorbtion of simple molecules into the blood |
|
|
Term
necessary life functions
excretion- |
|
Definition
the removal of waste from waste and digestion
urea, carbon dioxide, feces |
|
|
Term
necessary life functions
reproduction- |
|
Definition
| cellular division for growth or repair production of offspring |
|
|
Term
necessary life functions
growth |
|
Definition
| increase in size of a body part or of an organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chemicals for energy and cell building
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, vitamins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| essential fro energy release (ATP production) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most abundant chemical in the body. site of chemical reactions |
|
|
Term
survival needs
normal body temperature |
|
Definition
| effects the rate of normal chemical reactions |
|
|
Term
| appropiate atmospheric pressure |
|
Definition
| for adequete breathing and gas exchange in the lungs |
|
|
Term
living things have to do all necessary life functions
|
|
Definition
what seperates living things from nonliving things
nonliving only have to do some life functions |
|
|
Term
necessary life functions
metabolism |
|
Definition
chemical reactions that occur in the body that breaks down substances to simplier forms
anabolism
catobolism |
|
|
Term
| why do we need a pressurized cabin when flyin on a jet |
|
Definition
| the higher you go up the less pressure. the deeper you go in ocean the more pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment despite continuous outside changes |
|
|
Term
| dynamic state of equilibrium |
|
Definition
A system in a steady state since forward reaction and backward reaction occur at the same rate.
body is constantly keeping you @ balance
a balance in which conditions vary but always w/ in relatively narrow limits |
|
|
Term
| components of control mechanism |
|
Definition
receptor
control center
effector |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a type of sensor that monitors the environment and responds to changes called stimuli by sending input to the second component, the control center
receives the input |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
determines the set point which is the level or rate @ which a variable is to be maintained
decides what needs to be done to get you back in homeostasis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
provides the means for the control centers response to the stimulus
releases something to get you in homeostasis |
|
|
Term
| negative feedback mechanisms |
|
Definition
the output shuts off the original effect of the stimulus or reduces its intensity
cause the variable to change in a direction opposite to that of the initial change returning it to its ideal value |
|
|
Term
| what is the main point of negative feedback |
|
Definition
| to get body back in homeostasis |
|
|
Term
| positive feedback mechinisms |
|
Definition
| the result of the response enhances the stimulus so that the response is accelerated |
|
|
Term
| what is point of positive feedback |
|
Definition
| to keep body out of homeostasis until the job is done |
|
|
Term
| destructive positive feedback |
|
Definition
heart failure, high blood pressure
keeps you out of homeostasis w/ out a reason |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the body is erect w/ feet slightly apart
palms face forward n thumbs point away from body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| toward the head or upper part of structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| toward or at the midline. on the inner side of |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
away from the midline
on the outter side of |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| between a more medial or lateral structure |
|
|
Term
proximal
(only has to do w/ arms and legs) |
|
Definition
| closer to the orgin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
|
|
Term
distal
(only has to do w/ arms and legs) |
|
Definition
| farther from the orgin of a BODY PART or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| towards or at the body surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| away from the body surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a verticle plane that divides the body into right and left parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| like sagittal planes lie vertival; however, divide the body into interior and posterior parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are cuts made diagonally between the horizontal and verticle planes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
all organs are covered with this
thin doubled layered membrane seperated by serous fluid |
|
|
Term
serous membranes
parietal |
|
Definition
| lines the internal body walls (dont touch the organs) |
|
|
Term
serous membranes
visceral |
|
Definition
| covers the internal organs (touches organs) |
|
|
Term
| your patient complains of pain in the lower right quadrant. what may be his condition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in which cavity do you find the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
dorsal body cavity
[image] |
|
Definition
protects the fragile nervous system organs
has 2 subdivisions: the cranial cavity and the vertabral cavity
need to know what organs are in each cavity |
|
|
Term
ventral body cavity
[image] |
|
Definition
anterior and larger of the closed body cavities
has 2 major subdivisions: the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity
need to know what organs are in each cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening to organ sounds w/ a stethoscope |
|
|
Term
| 4 basic types of tissues in humans are |
|
Definition
| epithelium, muscle, connective tissue, and nervous tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| input flows from the receptor to the control center along the |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the 2 fundamental divisions of our body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| makes up the main axis of our body including the head neck, and trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of appendeges or limbs which are attached to the bodys axis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the movement of food through your intestines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carbs, nucleic acids, amino acids, and protein |
|
|
Term
cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (as ATP) |
|
Definition
| what cells do to break up sugars into a food that the cell can use as energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lowers blood sugar
hypoglycemic hormone |
|
|
Term
gycogen
the antagonist to insulin
|
|
Definition
raise blood sugar levels
hyperglycemic hormone |
|
|
Term
| why doesnt warming friction result from the movement of your heart |
|
Definition
| fluid is what helps eliminate the friction |
|
|
Term
| atmosphere is pushing down w/ the same amount |
|
Definition
| each cell in the body is pushing out w/ 22.2 lbs where as the out side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most energy we generate we lose as |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stored glucose
a form of potential energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| on the periodic table is liquid @ room temp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| on the periodic table is manmade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| on the periodic table is chemical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sodium
comes from the latin word natrium
anything w/ natri in it has sodium in it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
iron
comes from the word jerrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
copper
comes from the cuprium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gold
comes from the word aurum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
silver
comes from the word argentum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mercury
the only liquid metal
comes from the word hydrargentum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
potassium
comes fromt the word potasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lead
comes from the word plumblum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all elements on the periodic table are neutral because |
|
Definition
| their protons and electron #s are the same |
|
|
