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Anxiety
Anxiety and the nursing process
32
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/25/2013

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Term
Situational stressors
Definition
Personal or family job changes or relocation

Adjusting to chronic illness
Term
Developmental stressors
Definition
Varies with stage of life

Children: related to their physical appearance, families, friends and school.

Preadolescent: r/t self esteem issues, changing family structures , such as divorce, identity with peers groups and separate from their families

Adults: beginning a family or career, losing parents, seeing children leave home, and accepting physical aging.

Old age: loss of autonomy and mastery resulting from general frailty or health problems that limit stamina, strength, and cognition.
Term
Physiological variable
Definition
Fatigue
Trouble sleeping
Unsteady voice
Frequent urination
Sweating
Pale & cool skin
Headache
Term
Physiological variable
Definition
Cardiovascular: increased pulse, respirations, BP, palpitations, chest pain

Musculoskeletal: Clumsiness, repetitive movement, tremors, twitching, muscular tension

GI systems: heartburn, belching, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
Term
Psychological variable
Definition
Preoccupied
Negative attitude
Depression
Difficulty concentrating
Overwhelmed
Negative self concept
Talk excessively
Withdrawn
Workaholic
Term
Developmental
Definition
Failure to thrive
Difficulty accomplishing developmental task
Term
Sociocultural
Definition
Difficulty with relationships
Possible economic impact (sick time)
Interference with career goals
Reliance on socially negative relief behaviors
Term
Spiritual Variable
Definition
Crisis of faith
Obsession with faith
Hopeless
Apathy
Term
Models of stress
Definition
Stimulus based model
Response based model
Transaction based model
Term
Stimulus based model
Definition
Stress is defined as a stimulus, a life event, or a set of circumstances that arouses physiologic and or psychological reactions that may increase the individual's vulnerability to illness.
Term
Response based model
Definition
GAS
General adaptation syndrome

LAS
Local adaptation syndrome
Term
Transaction based model
Definition
Environmental, internal demands or both, tax or exceed the adaptive resources of an individual, social system, or tissue system
Term
Indicators of stress
Definition
Physical
Psychological
Term
Anxiety
Definition
Source may not be identified
Often related to the future
Results of psychological or emotional conflict
Term
Fear
Definition
Source identified
Related to present
Result of discrete physical or psychological entity
Term
Levels of anxiety
Definition
Mild
Moderate
Severe
Panic
Term
Mild anxiety symptoms
Definition
Increased alertness
Mild uneasiness
"Butterflies in stomach"
Term
Moderate anxiety symptoms
Definition
Increased perspiration
Light headedness
Muscle tension
Urinary frequency
Nausea
Anorexia
Diarrhea
Heart pounding
Increased BP
Dry mouth
Cold,clammy skin
Selective inattention
Poor concentration
Term
Severe anxiety symptoms
Definition
Most symptoms of moderate intensified
Hyperventilation
Dizziness
Vomiting
Tachycardia
Inability to hear or speak
Further decreased perception
Hallucinations
Delusions
Term
Panic anxiety symptoms
Definition
Symptoms of severe anxiety and inability to function
Terror
Personality disorganization
Term
Other emotional indicators of stress
Definition
Fear
Anger
Depression
Term
Cognitive indicators of stress
Definition
Problem solving
Structuring
Self discipline
Suppression
Fantasy
Term
Types of coping
Definition
Problem focused
Emotion focused

Long term
Short term
Term
Approaches to coping
Definition
Alter or remove stressor
Adapt to the stressor
Avoid the stressor
Term
Adaptive coping
Definition
Effective
Term
Maladaptive
Definition
Ineffective
Term
Nursing assessment
Definition
History:pay attention to timing in regards to developmental stages

Physical:even if none are seen,doesn't negate the presence of stress
Term
Nursing diagnoses
Definition
Anxiety
Fear
Ineffective coping
Term
Planning/goals
Definition
Start small
Success leads to more success
Motivation
Individualized
Term
Implementation
Definition
Exercise
Rest/sleep
Time management
Calm environment
Clear communication
Relaxation techniques
Term
Crisis intervention
Definition
An acute, time limited state of disequilibrium resulting from a situational, developmental, or societal sources of stress.

Sudden
Actual or perceived loss of an object, a person, a hope, a dream, or any significant factor for that individual
Term
Goal during crisis intervention
Definition
Safety
Work through a crisis to its resolution
Restore pre-crisis level of functioning

Stay with client
Reduce environmental stimuli
Provide for immediate needs
Listen
Use short clear sentences
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