Term
|
Definition
| a feeling of dread or apprehension; does not always have an identifiable cause |
|
|
Term
| What does anxiety feel like? |
|
Definition
| nervousness, increased heart rate, sweating, butterflies |
|
|
Term
| How does anxiety differ from fear? |
|
Definition
| Fear is caused by a threat from an identifiable stimulus, even thought it may not be logical. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sense that something is different and warrants special attention; can be a motivator towards a goal. |
|
|
Term
| Levels of Anxiety: Moderate |
|
Definition
| More noticeable on the outside; the person can still process info and be directed |
|
|
Term
| Levels of Anxiety: Severe and Panic |
|
Definition
| has difficulty concentrating, uncontrollable emotions, survival skills kick in, fight-or-flight is activated, adrenaline surge, increased vitals, may exhibit anger, can not focus...anxiety level has to be reduced before individual will respond to teaching or redirection. |
|
|
Term
| Working with Anxious Clients |
|
Definition
-be aware of own anxiety level
-assess the pt anxiety level
-speak in short simple sentences
-lower anxiety level to mild or moderate before proceeding
-talk in low calm voice
-ensure safety during panic level anxiety
-remain with client until panic recedes
-anxiolytics should be used short-term
-be cautious of touch if pt is in panic level as it may be perceived as threatening |
|
|
Term
| What are anxiety disorders? |
|
Definition
-group of conditions that share a key feature of excessive anxiety with ensuing behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and physiologic responses
-demo unusual behavior such as panic w/o reason, unwarranted fear, uncontrollable and repetitive actions, excessive worry
-impair daily routines, social lives, and occupations for at least 6 months
-usually secondary to dementia in the elderly |
|
|
Term
| Incidence of Anxiety Disorders |
|
Definition
-most common psychiatric disorder affecting 25% of adults.
-more prevalent in women and those younger than 45 years old
-more common in divorced and separated persons
-more common in those with lower socioeconomic status |
|
|
Term
| Cultural Considerations Associated with Anxiety Disorders |
|
Definition
-Asian cultures express anxiety through somatic symptoms
-Hispanics express anxiety as sadness, agitation, and weight loss and symptoms believed to occur b/c of supernatural spirits or "bad air" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-often associated with depression, dementia, physical illness, med toxicity or withdrawal
-agoraphobia and GAD are the most common late-life anxiety disorders
-Elderly treated with SSRI's
-Loss of independence leads to depression |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of Anxiety Disorders |
|
Definition
-combo of meds and therapy
-Cognitive-behavioral therapy includes positive reframing, decatastrophizing, and assertiveness training |
|
|
Term
| What is a panic disorder? |
|
Definition
-composed of discreet episodes of panic attacks, usually 15-30 minutes of rapid, intense and escalating anxiety
-displays 4 or more of the following symptoms: palpitations, sweating, tremors, SOB, sense of suffocation, chest pain, nausea, abdominal distress, dizziness, chills or hot flashes |
|
|
Term
| Clinical Course of Panic Disorders |
|
Definition
-Onset peaks in late adolescence and the mid 30's
-can lead to avoidance behavior or agoraphobia
-Primary and Secondary gain are present
-primary gain is the relief of anxiety
-secondary gain is the attention received from others as a result of the behaviors |
|
|
Term
| Panic Disorders: The Nursing Process |
|
Definition
Assessment
-Hamilton rating scale for anxiety
-reports several panic attacks
-may appear normal
-anxious, worried, tense, depressed, serious, or sad
-fears losing control or going insane
-confused or disoriented
-poor judgement during attack
-self-blaming statements
-alterations to social life, family, or work
-problems sleeping or eating |
|
|
Term
| Panic Disorders: The Nursing Process |
|
Definition
Diagnosis
-Risk for Injury
-Anxiety
-Situational Low Self-esteem
-Ineffective coping
-powerlessness
-ineffective role performance
-disturbed sleep pattern |
|
|
Term
| Panic Disorders: The Nursing Process |
|
Definition
Patient Outcomes (The Client will...):
-be free from injury
-verbalize feelings
-use effective coping techniques
-manage own anxiety response
-verbalize sense of personal control
-re-establish adequate nutritional intake
-sleep at least 6 hours per night |
|
|
Term
| Panic Disorders: The Nursing Process |
|
Definition
Interventions:
-promote safety and comfort
-using therapeutic communication
-managing anxiety
-providing client and family education |
|
|
Term
| Panic Disorders: The Nursing Process |
|
Definition
Evaluation:
-Does the client understand prescribed meds and are they committed to adhering to it?
-Have the clients episodes of anxiety decreased in frequency or intensity?
-Does the client understand various coping mechanisms and when to use them?
-Does the client believe that his or her quality of life is satisfactory? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -A phobia is an illogical, intense, persistent, fear of a specific object or social situation that causes extreme distress and interferes with normal life functioning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an irrational fear of an object or situation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anxiety provoked by certain social or performance situations |
|
|
Term
| Onset and Clinical Course of Phobias |
|
Definition
-specific phobia's usually occur in childhood or adolescence
-phobias that persist into adulthood are lifelong in 80% of cases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Psychopharmacology (includes anxiolytics, SSRI's, beta blockers)
-Behavioral Therapies (include systemic desensitization and flooding) |
|
|
Term
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) |
|
Definition
-Excessive worry and anxiety that is unwarranted more days than not
-symptoms include uneasiness, irritability, muscle tension, fatigue, difficulty thinking, and sleep alterations
-seen most often by family physicians
-treated with SSRI antidepressants and buspirone |
|
|
