Term
Describe the following for Penicillins:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) K+ penicillin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
b) inh cross-linkages
c) G+, Amp = G-, all anaerobes
d) Mod polar
e) Time-dep
f) Hypersensitivity rxns |
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Term
Describe the following Cephalosporins:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) 1st gen= Cefazolin/Cephalexin/Cefadroxil, 2nd gen= Cefoxitin, 3rd gen= Ceftiofur/Cefovecin/Cefpodoxime, 4th gen=Cefepime
b) inh cross-linkages
c) 1st gen= G+, 2 & 3= G-, 3= Pseudomonas, all do g- anaerobes
d) 1st gen= mod polar & 2rd gen = mod LS
e) Time-dep
f) hypersensitivity rxns, GI toxicity |
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Term
Describe the following for Carbapenems:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Imipenem
b) inhibit cross-linkages
c) broad spectrum, G- anaerobes
d) who knows
e) Time-dependent
f) who knows |
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Term
Describe the following for Monobactams:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Aztreonam
b) inhibit cross-linkages
c) G-, pseudomonas
d) who knows
e) Time-dependent
f) who knows |
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Term
Describe the following for Aminoglycosides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Gentamicin, Amikacin, Neomycin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin
b) bind to 30S
c) G-, Pseudomonas
d) highly polar
e) Conc-dep
f) nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, NM block |
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Term
Describe the following for Tetracyclines:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Doxycycline
b) bind to 30S
c) Broad spectrum aerobes and anaerobes, intracellulars
d) mod lipid soluble
e) time AND conc dependent
f) GI toxicity, yellow teeth |
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Term
Describe the following for Chloramphenicols:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol
b) bind to 50S
c) Broad spectrum aerobes and anaerobes, intracellulars
d) highly lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) bone marrow suppression |
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Term
Describe the following for Macrolides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Tylosin, Tilmicosin
b) bind to 50S
c) G+ aerobes and anaerobes, intracellulars
d) highly lipid soluble
e) time-dependent
f) GI toxicity, Tilmicosin = CV toxicity |
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Term
Describe the following for Lincosamides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Clindamycin
b) bind to 50S
c) G+, G- anaerobe
d) mod lipid soluble
e) time-dependent
f) GI toxicity |
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Term
Describe the following for Fluoroquinolones:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Ciprofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Orbifloxacin, Marbofloxacin, Difloxicin
b) inh DNA gyrase
c) broad spectrum, pseudomonas, intracellulars
d) mod lipid soluble
e) time and conc dependent
f) Arthropathy in young & retinal degen in cats |
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Term
Describe the following for Rifampin:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Rifampin
b) inh DNA dep RNAP
c) G+
d) highly lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) red tears, saliva, and urine |
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Term
Describe the following for Metronidazole:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Nitroimidazole
b) acts as a free radical to damage DNA
c) broad spectrum anaerobes
d) who knows
e) who knows
f) carcinogenic/mutagenic, neuro toxicity, GI toxicity |
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Term
Describe the following for Sulfonamides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Sulfadimethoxine, Silver sulfadiazine
b) inh Folic Acid metabolism
c) broad spectrum, pseudomonas
d) mod lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) teratogenic, keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs, GI toxicity |
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Term
Describe the following for Diaminopyrimidines:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects |
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Definition
a) Trimethoprim, Ormetoprim
b) inh folic acid metabolism
c) who knows
d) mod lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) teratogenic, keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs, GI toxicity |
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