Term
Sulfonamides are useful against gram ____? |
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Definition
neg & pos (broad spectrum) |
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Term
Sulfonamides are useful in treating ____? |
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Definition
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Term
adverse effects of sulfonamides? |
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Definition
rash, nephrotoxicity, photosenstivity |
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Term
Penicillin G and V (natural) are used mostly for gram ____? |
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Definition
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Term
adverse effects penicillin? |
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Definition
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Term
penicillinase-resistant penicillin drug? |
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Definition
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Term
amoxicillin is useful in treating ______? |
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Definition
ear, nose, throat infections |
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Term
aminopenicillins (amoxicillin/ampicillin) are useful when treating gram _____? |
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Definition
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Term
adverse effects cephalosporins |
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Definition
diarrhea, abdominal cramps, rash, pruritus, redness, edema |
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Term
cefaroline treats _________ |
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Definition
broad spectrum, -/+, sometimes MRSA |
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Term
cefoxitin, cefuroxime treats |
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Definition
neg, pos and some anaerobic bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
imipenem/cilastatin adverse effects? |
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Definition
seizures (more common in elderly or renal impaired patients |
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Term
imipenem/cilastatin treats what? |
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Definition
more acutely ill patients w/ bacterial meningitis, intra-abdominal injuries.. joint, bone, skin, soft tissue infections |
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Term
which class has the broadest antibacterial action of any antibiotics? |
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Definition
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Term
aztreoman is effective against what kind of bacteria |
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Definition
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Term
aztreoman treats what kind of infections |
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Definition
moderate/severe systemic infections and UTI's |
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Term
adverse effects aztreman? |
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Definition
rash, nausea, vomit, diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
static, cidal in lg. doses |
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Term
azithromycin/clarithromycin are used for? |
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Definition
upper/ lower resp. infections |
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Term
Tetracyclines must be avoided in who? |
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Definition
patients younger than 8, pregnant or nursing mothers (due to tooth enamel discoloration) |
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Term
Tetracylcine is often used in what infections? |
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Definition
chlamydia, mycoplasma pneumonia, syphilis, rickettsia, lyme |
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Term
democlocycline used for both ___ and ____? |
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Definition
antibacterial, inhibit antidiuretic hormone in SIADH |
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Term
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Definition
rickettsia, chlamydial, mycoplasmal, spirochetal, anthrax, malaria, acne |
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Term
tetracylcines treat gram + or -? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
many organisms resistant to others in it's class (complicated skin infections including MRSA and VSE and complicated intraabdominal infections |
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Term
complicated connective tissue infection? best drug |
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Definition
carbapenems - imipenem/cilastatin |
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Term
aminoglycosides are used to treat |
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Definition
resistant virulent infections (MRSA, VRE) |
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Term
aminoglycoside therapy is monitored due to |
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Definition
risk for toxicity (nephron, oto |
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Term
aminoglycosides serum level needs to be _____ higher than the MIC? |
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Definition
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Term
for pk serum level testing check when for IV and IM |
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Definition
30 min for IV and 1 hr for IM |
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Term
trough serum levels are tested when? |
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Definition
at least 8-12 hrs after completion, (taken before next dose if given). |
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Term
trough levels above ___mcg/mL are associated w/ greater risks of toxicity for aminoglycosides |
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Definition
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Term
aminoglycosides medication stem? |
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Definition
cin )amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, neomycin |
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Term
Monitor serum creatinine, BUN, pk and trough levels with what med? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
special warning for quinolones |
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Definition
black box, ruptured tendons, tendonitis esp. in elderly patients |
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Term
aminoglycosides should not be used in _______ |
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Definition
pregnant or lactating mothers unless life threatening infection |
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Term
what drug is used to decontaminate the gi tract before sx |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
oxacin ciprofloxacin, levoflaxacin |
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Term
use quinolones carefully in who? |
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Definition
prepubescent children (cartilage development in lab animals)although used in children w/ cycstic fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
anthrax, resp. and urinary infections |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
reason for giving antiviral for influenza? |
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Definition
shorten symptoms by 1-2 days, lessen risk for patients at risk for pneumonia |
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Term
side effects of antivirals? |
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Definition
nausea, vomiting, headache, diarrhea, runny nose |
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Term
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Definition
first choice for systemic fungal infection. |
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Term
side effects ampthotericin B? |
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Definition
nephrotoxicity, dysrhythmias, neurotoxicity, chills, fever, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting (can pretreat for the symptoms) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, anemia |
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Term
what's a good replacement for amphotericin B? |
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Definition
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Term
side effect of fluconazole? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
side effect voriconazole? |
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Definition
hallucinations, increased liver enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
first choice for systemic fungal infection. |
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Term
side effects ampthotericin B? |
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Definition
nephrotoxicity, dysrhythmias, neurotoxicity, chills, fever, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting (can pretreat for the symptoms) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
caspofunigin side effects |
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Definition
hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, anemia |
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Term
what's a good replacement for amphotericin B? |
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Definition
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Term
side effect of fluconazole? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
side effect voriconazole? |
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Definition
hallucinations, increased liver enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
INH,, PZA, rifampin, ethambutol over 2 months period. Modified if resistance found to one or more of the drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
nasal congestion cold, alergies |
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Term
antitussives are used best for? |
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Definition
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Term
what are the two types of antitussives? |
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Definition
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Term
desxtromethorphan and benzonatate use? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
maint. tx asthma/ COPD, bronchospasm |
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Term
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Definition
COPD- reduce secretions, indirectly causing bronchodilation |
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Term
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Definition
asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, adjunct tx for COPD. |
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Term
theophylline adverse effects |
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Definition
nausea, vomiting, anorexia, sinus tachycardia, palpitations. |
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Term
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Definition
reduce inflammation of lungs by blocking leukotriene receptor cites |
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Term
fluticasone corticosteroid side effects |
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Definition
pharangeal irritation, cough ,dry mouth, oral fungal infections |
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