Term
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Definition
unknown physiological fxn, high conc in skin/lungs, decarboxylated from histidine, bound to heparin for storage in vesicles of mast cells (heparin pos, histamine neg), rapid (4-5 min) breakdown in blood by diamine oxidase (genetic def)
release by ag-ab on mast cell, pcn (directly to mast cell R w/o ab), narcotics (esp morphine, meperidine/demerol), nsaids, sns (skin rxn but no anaphylaxis) |
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Term
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Definition
h1: capillaries (inc perm --> edema, hives, hypotension), bronchoconstriction, uterine contraction, nn (pain, pruritis, h3 in thalamus)
h2: sa node (inc hr), myocardium (inc contractility), secretory (inc acid/pepsin prod in stomach), stomach (inc h secretion)
h1+h2: vasodilation --> dec bp
h3: brain? (pain?) |
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Term
| first generation h1 blockers |
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Definition
po, 3-6 hr, moa competitive inh, use allergy, motion sickness, pruritis, ae anticholinergic (dry mouth, constipation), sedation, a-block (hypotension)
tripelenamine, diphenhydramine, dimenhydranate, chlorpheniramine, meclizine, promethazine |
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Term
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Definition
pbz, 1st gen h1 block, use allergies
+1 anticholinergic, +2 sedation |
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Term
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Definition
benadryl, 1st gen h1 block, use allergies, motion sickness
+3 anticholinergic, +3 sedation |
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Term
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Definition
dramamine, 1st gen h1 block, use motion sickness
+3 anticholinergic, +3 sedation |
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Term
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Definition
chlortrimemton, 1st gen h1 block, better/safer drug for allergies, less ae
+1 anticholinergic, +1 sedation |
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Term
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Definition
antivert, 1st gen h1 block, use motion sickness for astronauts
+0 anticholinergic, +1 sedation |
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Term
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Definition
| phenergan, 1st gen h1 block, use allergies, combined w/ codeine (suppress cough) for cold (dry up sec, dec congestion) |
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Term
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Definition
1st gen h1 block, use pruritis, allergies
+0 anticholinergic, +3 sedation |
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Term
| second generation h1 blockers |
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Definition
po, 12 hrs, moa competitive inh, no sedation, no anticholinergic, no a-block, ae tremor, use only allergy
loratadine, fexofenadine, ceterizine, terfenadine |
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Term
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Definition
| claratin otc, 2nd gen h1 block, clarinex is metabolite (rx only, covered by insurance) |
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Term
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Definition
| allegra, 2nd gen h1 block |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
seldane, 2nd gen h1 block, not used since p450 metab can be blocked by erythromycin --> inc conc terfenadine --> long qt --> torsades
+0 anticholinergic, +1 sedation |
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Term
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Definition
po, parental, moa competitive inh, ae tremor, use pud
cimetidine, rantidine, famotidine, nizatidine |
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Term
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Definition
| tagamet, h2 block, inh p450 over time so use only hospital short term, ae gynecomastia, anti-testosterone, use transvestite |
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