Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic, benzodiaepine
Mechanism: enhance binding of GABA to receptors
Indications: status epilepticus, generalized epilepsies
Adverse effects: sedation, respiratory depression; tolerance, dependence and withdrawal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics, benzodiazepine
Mechanism: enhances binding of GABA to receptors
Indication: status epilepticus, generalized epilepsies
Adverse effects: sedation, respiratory depression; tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic
Mechanism: stabilize VG sodium channels in (fast) inactivated conformation; decrease VG calcium conductance
Indication: localization-related epilepsies, trigeminal neuralgia
Adverse effects: double vision, dizziness, nausea, headache, hyponatremia, leukopenia, rash, fetal neural tube defects
Pharmacokinetics:
Metabolism - P450, active metabolite with more side effects
short half-life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic
Mechanism: blocks t-type calcium channels
Indication: absence epilepsy
Adverse effects: nause, hiccups, anorexia, rash, Lupus syndrome
Pharmacokinetics:
Metabolism - liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic
Mechanism: binds calcium channels (reduces expression through internalization); enhances GABA SYNTHESIS
Indication: adjuct therapy in localization-related therapy, post-herpetic neuralgia
Adverse effects: mild N, somnolence, lightheadedness
Pharmacokinetics:
Eliminatino - unchanged in urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics
Mechanism: bind calcium channels (reduce expression through internalization); enhances GABA TRANSPORT
Indication: adjuct therapy in localization-related epilepsies, post-herpetic neuralgia, DIABETIC NEUROPATHY PAIN, fibromyalgia
Adverse effects: mild N, somnolence, lightheadedness
Pharmacokinetics:
Excretion - unchanged in urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic
Mechanism: stabilizes VG sodium channels inactivated state; binds CRMPs that play a role in ion channel trafficking and neuronal sprouting
Indication: combo w/ other drugs for localization-related epilepsy
Adverse effects: prolong PR interval leading to atrial ventricular block (effect on cardiac Na channels), mild dizziness, ataxia, N/V, diplopia
Pharmacokinetics:
Metabolism - liver
Excretion - 40% unchanged in urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics
Mechanism: stabilizes VG sodium channels inactivated state; inhibits glutamate release; affects t-type calcium channels
Indications: used alone or in combo for multiple types of epilepsy
Adverse effects: severe/life-threatening rash
Pharmacokinetics:
Metabolism - liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics
Mechanism: inhibits calcium channels, interaction withh a unique synatpic vesicle protein (SV2A) --> reduces ability of vesicle to dock and release NT
Indication: adjuvant in tx of localization-related epilepsies
Adverse effects: somnolence, weakness, headache, behavioral difficulties
Pharmacokinetics:
Excretion - renal, unchanged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic
Mechanism: prolongs length of time GABA-activated Cl channel remain open, block VG calcium channels, direct inhibtion of NMDA-type glutamate receptors
Indication: multiple types of epilepsy, historical drug
Adverse effects: somnolence, depression, behavioral problems, hyperactivity, rash, Lupus syndrome
Pharmacokinetics:
Half-life - 60-110hr
Metabolism - enzyme inducer and inhibits metabolism of other drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics
Mechanism: stabilizes VG sodium channels inactivated conformation, inhibits VG calcium channels, stimulates Na/K ATPase activity
Indication: localization-related epilepsies, status epilepticus
Adverse effects: nystagmus, ataxia, gingival hyperplasia, rash, blood sycrasias, skin necrosis, cardiac arrhythmias
Pharmacokinetics:
ZERO-ORDER, NON-LINEAR PHARMACOKINETICS
Metabolism - induces hepatic enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics
Mechanism: SOLUBLE PRO-DRUG OF PHENYTOIN; stabilizes VG sodium channels inactivated conformation, inhibits VG calcium channels, stimulates Na/K ATPase activity
Indication: localization-related epilepsies, status epilepticus; can be given faster than pheyntoin (IV or IM)
Adverse effects: fewer than penytoin, but same?
Pharmacokinetics:
ZERO-ORDER, NON-LINEAR PHARMACOKINETICS
Metabolism - induces hepatic enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic
Mechanism: inhibits reuptake of GABA
Indication: localization-related epilepsies
Adverse effects: tremor, dizziness, nervousness, difficulty concentrating, somnolence
Pharmacokinetics:
Metabolism - liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptic
Mechanism: direct potentiating actions on GABA receptor at unique site; inactivates VG sodium channels; prevents calcium influx
Indications: localization-related epilepsies, generalized epilepsies, migraine headache prevention
Adverse effects: psychomotor slowing, fatigue, N, parathesias, weight loss, kidney stones
Pharmacokinetics:
Elimination - renal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics
Mechanism: inhibits metabolism and promotes synthesis of GABA; inactivates VG sodium channel in unique manner; blocks t-type calcium channels
Indications: localization-related epilepsies, generalized epilepsies, absence epilepsy, migraine headache prevention
Adverse effects: weight gain, hair loss, tremor, liver failure, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia, neural tube defects
Pharmacokinetics:
Metabolism - liver, enzyme inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Class: antiepileptics
Mechanism: direct potentiating actions on GABA receptor at unique site; inactivates VG sodium channels; prevents calcium influx
Indication: adjuvant for localization-related epilepsies
Adverse effects: psychomotor slowing, fatigue, N, parathesias, weight loss, kidney stones
Pharmacokinetics:
Elimination - renal |
|
|
