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Anticoagulants, Antispasmodic, and OTC drugs
Assessment 14
74
Pharmacology
Post-Graduate
02/28/2012

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Cards

Term
Aspirin
Definition
antiplatelet/analgesic/anti-inflammaory; nonselective COX1/COX2 inhibitor.
Term
NSAIDS
Definition
antiplatelet; nonselective COX1/COX2 inhibitor
Term
Celecoxib
Definition
antiplatelet/anti-inflammatory; selective COX2 inhibitor
Term
Acetaminophen
Definition
analgesic; COX3 inhibitor. Can cause liver tox
Term
Dypyridamole
Definition
antiplatelet; phosphodiesterase inhibitor → ↑ cAMP. Blocks adenosine reuptake
Term
Cilostazol
Definition
antiplatelet; phosphodiesterase inhibitor → ↑ cAMP. Blocks adenosine reuptake
Term
Prostacyclin (PGI2)
Definition
antiplatelet; adenylate cyclase activator → ↑ cAMP
Term
Clopidogrel
Definition
antiplatelet; inhibits ADP activation of GPIIb/IIIa → inhibits aggregatory effect of platelets
Term
Eptifibidate
Definition
antiplatelet; synthetic peptide that blocks GPIIB/IIIA receptors
Term
Abciximab
Definition
antiplatelet; antibody that blocks GPIIB/IIIA receptors
Term
Streptokinase
Definition
thrombolytic; forms active complex with plasminogen. Strongly immunogenic
Term
Urokinase
Definition
thrombolytic; directly cleaves plasminogen → plasmin
Term
tPA
Definition
thrombolytic; form a complex with plasminogen and fibrin that localizes it to the clot
Term
Reteplase
Definition
recombinant thrombolytic that works like tPA.
Term
Baclofen
Definition
antispasmodic; acts as GABA agonist at multiple levels in the spinal cord.
Term
Tizanidine
Definition
antispasmodic; pre-synaptic α2 agonist to inhibit spinal cord motoneurons
Term
Dantrolene
Definition
treats malignant hyperthermia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome; blocks ryanodine receptor sequestering Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Term
Carisoprodol
Definition
antispasmodic; works in RAS and spinal cord → sedation and altered perception of pain
Term
Chlorzoxazone
Definition
antispasmodic; generalized sedative actions in spinal cord and subcortical areas → inhibits multisynaptic reflexes
Term
Cyclobenzaprine
Definition
antispasmodic and fibromyalgia tx; central action at the brainstem
Term
Metaxalone
Definition
antispasmodic; generalized sedative action
Term
Methocarbamol
Definition
antispasmodic and tetanus tx; generalized sedative action
Term
Orphenadrine
Definition
antispasmodic and PD tx; generalized sedative action in the medulla and cerebral motor centers
Term
Clonidine
Definition
antispasmodic; central α2 agonist
Term
Botulinum toxin
Definition
antispasmodic; prevents docking and release of Ach vesicles to interrupt nerve conduction
Term
Pregabalin
Definition
fibromyalgia tx; GABA analogue that binds α2 subunit of Ca channel alleviating neuropathic pain, anxiety, and pain syndromes
Term
Heparin
Definition
anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Enoxaparin
Definition
LMWt heparin anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Dalteparin
Definition
LMWt heparin anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Ardeparin
Definition
LMWt heparin anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Danaparoid
Definition
LMWt heparin anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Nadroparin
Definition
LMWt heparin anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Reviparin
Definition
LMWt heparin anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Tinzaparin
Definition
LMWt heparin anticoagulant; binds ATIII to ↑ its activity
Term
Fondaparinux
Definition
anticoagulant; inactivates Xa
Term
Hirudin
Definition
anticoagulant; direct thrombin inhibitor. Independent action of ATIII. Smaller than ATIII so it can get into the clot and work there as well.
Term
Lepirudin
Definition
anticoagulant; recombinant for of hirudin
Term
Bivalirudin/argatroban/melagatran/dabigatran
Definition
2nd gen direct thrombin inhibitors; oral admin
Term
Coumarin
Definition
anticoagulant; competes with vit K epoxide to block carboxylation of II, VII, IX, X, protein C and S.
Term
Warfarin
Definition
anticoagulant; competes with vit K epoxide to block carboxylation of II, VII, IX, X, protein C and S.
Term
Anisindione
Definition
anticoagulant; competes with vit K epoxide to block carboxylation of II, VII, IX, X, protein C and S.
Term
Cimetidine
Definition
antacid; H2 antagonist
Term
Famotidine
Definition
antacid; H2 antagonist
Term
Nizatidine
Definition
antacid; H2 antagonist
Term
Ranitidine
Definition
antacid; H2 antagonist
Term
Mg(OH)2
Definition
antacid; ↓ stomach pH
Term
Al(OH)3
Definition
antacid; ↓ stomach pH
Term
CaCo3
Definition
antacid; ↓ stomach pH
Term
Bismuth Subsalicylate
Definition
anti-diarrheal; coats the stomach
Term
Loperamide
Definition
anti-diarrheal; μ receptor agonist
Term
Brompheniramine
Definition
H1 antagonist/1st gen; treats allergies and colds
Term
Chlorpheniramine
Definition
H1 antagonist/1st gen; treats allergies and colds
Term
Clemastine
Definition
H1 antagonist/1st gen; treats allergies and colds
Term
Cetirizine
Definition
H1 antagonist/2nd gen; treats allergies and colds
Term
Diphenhydramine
Definition
H1 antagonist/1st gen; allergies and colds
Term
Loratidine
Definition
2nd gen H1 antagonist; non-sedating for cold/hay fever
Term
Ibuprofen
Definition
NSAID
Term
Naproxen
Definition
NSAID
Term
Codeine
Definition
analgesic; μ receptor metabolized to morphine
Term
Dextromethorphan
Definition
cough suppressant; non-narcotic
Term
Guaifenesin
Definition
expectorant
Term
Oxymetazoline
Definition
topical decogestant
Term
Phenylephrine
Definition
systemic and topical decongestant
Term
Xylometazoline
Definition
topical decongestant
Term
Pseudoephedrine
Definition
systemic decongestant; precursor of methamphetamine
Term
Diphenhydramine
Definition
sleep agent
Term
Doxylamine
Definition
sleep agent
Term
Bulk Formers
Definition
safe laxative
Term
Hyperosmotics
Definition
mg containing laxative
Term
Softeners
Definition
mg containing laxative
Term
Nicotine Gum
Definition
smoking cessation as part of CBT
Term
Nicotine Lozenge
Definition
smoking cessation as part of CBT
Term
Nicotine Transdermal patch
Definition
smoking cessation as part of CBT
Term
What are some differences between unfractionated heparin and LMWT heparin?
Definition
LMWt hep has more specific stabilization of ATIII-Xa complex (less ATIII-thrombin). LMWt has less risk for HIT. LMWt has better regularity between molecules → more predictable.
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