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anticancer
ch. 38
35
Pharmacology
Graduate
11/29/2012

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Cards

Term
antimetabolites, bleomycin, microtubule inhibitors, etoposide
Definition
CCS drugs
Term
alkylating agents, antibiotics, sterod agonists/antagonists, cisplatin
Definition
CCNS drugs
Term
nausea/ vomiting, stomatitis, alopecia, myelosupression
Definition
AE chemotherapeutic drugs
Term
Doxorubicin, Taxol toxicity
Definition
cardiotoxicity
Term
bleomycin toxicity
Definition
pulmonary fibrosis
Term
cyclophosphamide toxicity
Definition
hemorrhagic systitis
Term
cisplatin toxicity
Definition
renal toxicity
Term
vincristine, cytarabine toxicity
Definition
neurotoxic
Term
extravasation, nausea vomiting, hypersensitivity, diarrhea
Definition
acute chemotherapy toxicities
Term
myelosupression, alopecia, stomatitis, GI toxicity, diarrhea
Definition
delayed chemotherapy toxicities
Term
Antimetabolites MOA
Definition
compete with natural substrate for active site on enzyme or receptor, interfere/inhibit the synthesis of essential cellular elements. CCS
Term
Methotrexate (mexate, folex)
Definition
anticancer, antimetabolite- inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. high doses curative for esteogenic sarcoma and choriocarcinoma + lecovorin rescue. AE= BMS, NVD, stomatitis, urticaria, alopecia, crystalluria, renal/hepatic/pulmonary toxicity, learning disability in children, teratogenic
Term
Fluorouracil (5FU, adrucil)
Definition
anticancer,antimetabolite- inhibits thymidine synthesis- cell death. AE= hand-foot syndrome
Term
Capecitabine (xeloda)
Definition
anticancer,antimetabolite- 5-FU, thymidine starvation, tumor specific. oral
Term
6-mercaptopurine (purinethol)
Definition
anticancer, antimetabolite- purine analog, inhibition of purine synthesis= nonfxnl RNA/DNA
Term
Cytarabine
Definition
anticancer, antimetabolite- pyrimidine analog, inhibits DNA polymerase and retards chain elongation, neurotoxic
Term
Doxorubicin (adriamycin)
Definition
anticancer- antibiotic, anthracycline antiobiotic. CCS. intercalation of DNA, generation of oxygen radicals. P-glycoprotein resistance. AE cardiotoxicity
Term
Bleomycin (blenoxane)
Definition
anticancer- antibiotic, CCS. DNA binding, oxygen radical formation and strand scission. P glycoprotein resistance. TX for testicular tumors. AE= pulmonary toxicity
Term
Cyclophosphamide
Definition
anticancer- alkylating agent, CCNS. oral, p450 required for activation. AE= hemorrhagic systitis, secondary malignancies
Term
Cisplatin (platinol)
Definition
anticancer, alkylating agent. AE- emesis,nephro/neuro/oto-toxicity, secondary malignancies
Term
Vincristine (oncovin, vcr)
Definition
anticancer, microtubule inhibitor- bind tubulin, block mitosis. CCS. P-glycoprotein resistance. AE= phlebitis, NVD, alopecia, mucositis, neurotoxic
Term
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Definition
anticancer, microtubule inhibitor- reversibly binds to tubulin, super rigidity. CCS, P-glycoprotein resistance.
Term
Prednisone (deltasone)
Definition
anticancer, hormone- lymphocytopenic, action via nuclear transcription factors. AE= similar to glucocorticoids, ↑ appetite, cushing syndrome, puffy face, buffalo hump, cataracts
Term
Tamoxifen (nolvadex)
Definition
anticancer, hormone- SERM, binds to estrogen receptor but no effect, depletes estrogen receptors- not effective in premenopausal women.
Term
Aminogluthethimide
Definition
anticancer, aromatase inhibitor- need hydrocortisone replacement; starve estrogen sensitive tumors
Term
anastrozole
Definition
anticancer, aromatase inhibitor; starve estrogen sensitive tumors
Term
exemestane
Definition
anticancer, aromatase inhibitor- irreversible inhibitor; starve estrogen sensitive tumors
Term
Leuprolide (lupron)
Definition
anticancer, hormone- gonadotropin release hormone analog, ↓ release of FSH, LH. TX prostatic cancer.
Term
Trastuzumab (herceptin)
Definition
anticancer, monoclonal antibodies- antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor protein 2 (HER2). inhibits proliferation of specific cancer cells.
Term
Rituximab (rituxan)
Definition
anticancer, monoclonal antibodies- antibody against CD20--> B lymphocytes.
Term
Bevacizumab (avastin)
Definition
anticancer, monoclonal antibodies- Anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)blocks growth of vascular tree
Term
L-asparaginase (elspar)
Definition
anticancer- blocks tumors access to asparagine. AE= hypersensitivity, hepatic dysfunction, seizures, coma, pancreatitis
Term
Interferon Alfa-2b (roferon-a)
Definition
anticancer- stimulates natural killer cells. TX hair cell leukemia
Term
Etoposide
Definition
anticancer- topoisomerase I&II inhibitors, winds DNA up too tight and pops
Term
Everolimus
Definition
anticancer- mTOR kinase inhibitors
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