Term
Penicillin Narrow spectrum PCNase sensitive |
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Definition
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Penicillin Narrow spectrum PCNase resistant |
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Definition
Oxacillin Discloxacillin Nafacillin Methicillin |
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Definition
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Definition
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PCN G and PCN V act against: |
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Definition
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Term
Narrow spectrum PCNase resistant PCNs act against: |
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Definition
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Term
Ampilcillin and amoxacillin act against: |
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Definition
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Term
Ticarcillin and piperacillin act against: |
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Definition
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Term
Route for PCN G
Route for PCN V |
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Definition
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Term
Route for narrow PCNase resistant |
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Definition
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Term
Route for ampicillin and amoxacillin |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Side effects for PCN G and V |
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Definition
Neurotoxicity, hyperkalemia, and gangrene |
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Term
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Definition
Has high Na, so be careful with people with CHF |
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Term
Which PCN is no longer used? |
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Definition
Methicillin bc it causes interstitial nephritis Use vancomycin to treat MRSA |
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Term
MOA for PCN and cephalosporin |
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Definition
Weaken cell wall- cause cell to burst |
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Term
Do not mix PCN with what when treating what? |
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Definition
Amino glycosides when treating p. Aeruginosa |
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Term
1st gen cephalosporin name and gram stain |
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Definition
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Term
2nd gen cephalosporin name and gram stain |
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Definition
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Term
3rd gen cephalosporin name and gram stain |
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Definition
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4th gen cephalosporin name and gram stain |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Cephalexin CSF and resistance to beta lactamase |
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Definition
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Cefoxitin CSF and resistance to beta lactamase |
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Definition
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Cefoxtamine CSF and resistance to beta lactamase |
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Definition
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Cefepime CSF and resistance to beta lactamase |
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Definition
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Term
Imipenem/ cilastatin treats: |
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Definition
P. Aeruginosa when used in combo |
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Term
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Definition
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Ertapenem has little activity against: |
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Definition
P. Aeruginosa, pneumococci, and MRSA |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits cell wall synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
Slow IV over 60 min. Adults 2mg/day at 12-24 HR intervals Child 44mg/kg/day at 6-12 HR intervals |
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Term
Vancomycin When to check levels? |
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Definition
Peak at 1.5-2.5 HR after infusion is complete Hour before giving another dose
Peak levels of 30-40 mcg/ml are ok |
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Term
Adverse effects of vancomycin |
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Definition
Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity RED MAN SYNDROME |
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Term
Vancomycin used to treat: |
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Definition
MRSA Meningitis C-diff
Try flagyl first for MRSA and c-diff |
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Term
Tetracycline Short acting drugs
Effects of food |
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Definition
Tetracycline Oxytetracycline
Slowed down- don't take with food |
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Term
Tetracycline intermediate acting |
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Definition
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Term
Tetracycline Long acting
Effects of food |
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Definition
Minocycline Doxycycline
Not effected |
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Term
Tetracycline treats: Used in combo with? |
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Definition
H. Pylori
Metronidazole, bismuth subsalicylate |
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Term
Tetracycline adverse effects |
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Definition
GI, N/V, diarrhea, cramps Tooth discoloration Do not use in children < 8 when enamel is forming Can suppress bone growth Can cause c-diff Renal toxicity (do not use short or intermediate acting) Photo toxicity |
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Term
Is tetracycline effected by chelation? What molecules effect it? |
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Definition
Yes. Positively charged molecules (ca, iron, mg, vitamins) Drug wil not be absorbed |
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Term
Tetracycline Avoid in who? |
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Definition
Children under 8 Pregnant women |
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Term
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Definition
Mostly bacteristatic but can be bactericidal against susceptible organisms or in high concentrations Inhibits protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
B. Pertussis (whooping cough) Upper and lower RTI MAC in HIV pts |
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Term
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Definition
Erythromycin Clarythromycin Dirithromycin Troleandomycin Azithromycin (z pack) |
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Term
Which macrolide is takin on an empty stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Hepatically metabolized p450 |
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Term
Macrolide adverse effects: |
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Definition
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Term
Macrolide drug interactions |
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Definition
P450 Theophyllin, warfarin, cabamazepine |
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Term
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Definition
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Clarithromycin can cause: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Strep, gangrene If allergic to PCN or Ceph |
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Term
Macrolides used if allergic to: |
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Definition
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Term
Clindamycin adverse effects |
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Definition
C. Diff- stop taking immediately |
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Term
Chloramphenicol adverse effects |
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Definition
Fatal aplastc anemia Bone marrow suppression Gray syndrome in infants |
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Term
Chloramphenicol drug name |
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Definition
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Term
Is chloramphenicol a narrow therapeutic index drug? |
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Definition
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Term
Chloramphenicol is used for: |
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Definition
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Term
Chloramphenicol Bone marrow suppression is usually reversible when and can cause what? |
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Definition
1-3 weeks after withdrawal Anemia |
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Term
Chloramphenicol Aplastic anemia develops when? Is it dose related? |
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Definition
Weeks or months after dose stops
Not does related |
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Term
Should chloramphenicol be taken on a full stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
Aminoglycoside drug names |
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Definition
Gentamicin Tobramycin Amikacin Kanmicin Neomycin Streptomycin |
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Term
Aminoglycoside spectrum Narrow? Broad? Route? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Bactericidal Disruption of protein synthesis |
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Term
Amikacin is least susceptible to: |
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Definition
Inactivation by bacterial enzymes Use as last resort drug |
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Term
Aminoglycosides Serum levels are impacted by: |
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Definition
Age % body fat Renal fxn Fever Edema Dehydration
Dose is individualized |
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Term
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Definition
Peak levels 30 min after IM or after completing 30 min IV
Trough levels for divided dozing take just prior to next dose
Once daily: monitor trough Bid or tid: monitor peak and trough |
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Term
Amino glycoside adverse effects |
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Definition
Ototoxicity (penetrates inner ear) Nephrotoxicity (bind tightly to renal tissue) |
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Definition
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Amino glycoside effect will continue for how long? |
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Definition
Hrs after levels have dropped |
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Term
Aminoglycosides are not used with PCNs b/c: |
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Definition
In high concentrations it will inactivate aminoglycosides Never mix in same solution |
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Term
Sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim spectrum and bacterial activity |
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Definition
Broad Bactericidal, bacteristatic |
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Term
Sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim uses |
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Definition
UTI chronic carinii pneumonia in AIDS pts |
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Term
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Definition
MRSA UTI cause by e. Coli |
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Term
Sulfonamides and renal damage |
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Definition
High water solubility so renal damage is low Take with lots of water |
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Term
Sulfonamides adverse effects |
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Definition
Kernicterus Do not give to infants < 2 Be careful when giving to pregnant or feeding women Photosensitivity |
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Term
Fluoroquinolones drug names and spectrum |
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Definition
Floxacin
Broad
Bactericidal |
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Term
Fluoroquinolones uses:
Which disease is resistant? |
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Definition
E. Coli P. Aeruginosa Meningitis RTI UTI GI Bones Joints Skin Soft tissue Anthrax
C. Diff |
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Term
Fluoroquinolones systemic use can cause:
Who do avoid? |
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Definition
Tendon rupture Do not use in children < 18 Ciprofloxacin is the only safe one for kids |
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Term
Fluoroquinolones adverse effects |
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Definition
Tendon rupture Photosensitivity |
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Term
Fluoroquinolones Avoid in? |
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Definition
Children under 18 except for ciprofloxacin
Pregnant and feeding women |
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Term
Fluoroquinolones drug interactions |
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Definition
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