Term
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Definition
Inhibits folic acid synthesis by organism
treat PCP in AIDS pt
not to newborns or term mothers |
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Term
| Quinupristin/ Dalfopristin |
|
Definition
VRE/MRSA
VERY $$$$
lots of side effects |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Gram (+)
MRSA/ VRE
will increase CPK (myopathy) |
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Term
|
Definition
Gram (+)
myelosuppression
NO foods with HI tryamine |
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Term
|
Definition
Gram (+) only (bacteriostatic)
impairs cell wall synthesis
IV only unless PO for C. Diff therapy
give over 1 hr to decrease histamine release
nephrotoxic/ ototoxic
"Redneck Syndrome" |
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Term
|
Definition
Aplastic Anemia (blue baby syndrome)
use limited to SEVERE infection and only when other agents fail |
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Term
|
Definition
Anaerobe/ Gram (+)
decrease dose if liver problems
causes severe pseudomembranous colitis |
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Term
Macrolides
erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin |
|
Definition
Gram (+) and atypical organisms
tx MAC in HIV pt
GI intolerance from motlin(hormone) stimulation
prolong QT, hepatic inhibitor, ototoxic |
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Term
Carbapenums (other Beta-Lactams)
Impenem/ Clistatin, Meropenem, Ertapenem |
|
Definition
Gram (+), gram (-), anaerobic
Broadest Spectrum
Great for Pseudmonas
caution if seizure Hx or renal impairment
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Term
|
Definition
Gram (-) coverage only
is a MONOBACTAM
safe for PCN allergy
high risk of resistant organism |
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Term
Cephalosporins
Gen I- Cefazolin
Gen II- Cefotetan (mtt)
Cefoxitin
Gen III- Ceftriaxone
Gen IV- Cefepime |
|
Definition
related to PCN thus Gram (+)
4 generation (gains GNR coverage and less PCN
cross-sensitivity by generation)
MTT side chain increase risk of bleeding(FFP, VIT K) |
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|
Term
PCN (Beta-Lactams)
Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Methicillin, Piperacillin
Oxacillin, Nafcillin (Resistant Bugs) |
|
Definition
Gram (+) but gains gram (-)
interferes with cell wall synthesis (peptidoglycan)
1-10% hypersensitivity
increases bleeding time (PT)
Super-infections/ pseudo colitis
can increase K+ and Na+ |
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Term
|
Definition
Amantadine- influenza A
Vidarabine- Herpes
Acyclovir- Herpes
Famciclovir- Herpes
Ganciclovir- CMV |
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Term
|
Definition
Anti-Fungal (yeast)
IV only
decreases renal FXN in 80% of patients!!!
Floconazole/ Vorconazole/ Flucystosine/ Griseofulvin
are also anti-fungals |
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|
Term
TB Drugs
Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambital, Streptomycin
|
|
Definition
Usually given in 3 drug regimen: Isoniazid, Rifampin, and Pyrazinamide
Isoniazid is PRIMARY agent- can give Vit B6 to decrease side effects
can induce hepatic injury
increase defluorination of anesthetic gas
Rifampin stains red (urine, saliva) |
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|
Term
| Polymyxin B/ Colistmethate |
|
Definition
Gram (-) E. coli/ Klebsiella
Nephrotoxic
most potent of ALL abx in actions at neuromuscular junction (resembles non-depolarizers)
effect is worse if renal impairment
MARKEDLY POTENTIATES NMB'S |
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|
Term
Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxicin, Gatifloxicin, Levofloxicin, Ofloxicin, Sparfloxicin, Trovafloxicin |
|
Definition
Broad Spectrum
inhibits bacteria cell DNA gyrase
CNS toxic, photosensative, N/V
Cartilage Damage |
|
|
Term
Tetracyclines
Doxycycline, Demeclomycin, Minocycline |
|
Definition
drug of choice in Rickettsial Disease/ Mycoplasma Pneumonia
Doxycycline- chest tube for pleural effusion
Demeclomycin- for tx of SIADH
Minocycline- tx of acne
photosensative/ black teeth in kids |
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Term
|
Definition
Gram (-), Anaerobes
grat for C. Difficile
good oral penetration
N/V, metallic taste, pancreatitis, neuropathy
Disulfiram RXN (NO Alcohol) |
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