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Anti-retrovirals
Antri- retrovirals
67
Pharmacology
Graduate
09/03/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
NRTI's
Definition
Zidovudine, Zalcitabine, Diadanosine, Stavudine, Abacavir, tenofovir, Lamivudien, emcitabine
Term
NRTI's MOA
Definition
substrate for RT, lack 3'OH group can't elongate RNA
Term
NRTI's- what cells does it work in
Definition
Newly infected cells
Term
NRTI- HIV1, 2 or both
Definition
Both
Term
What is given to mother to prevent spread of HIV during child birth
Definition
NRIT
Term
NRTI- AE
Definition
Lactic Acidosis (mtDNA interference)
hepatic steatosis
N/V/D, fatigue, insomnia
drugs with a d cause reversible, does dependent peripheral neuropath
Term
Zidovudine- abrev
Definition
AZT
Term
Zidovudine- AE
Definition
Bone marrow suppression
malaise, myopathies, N/V, HA
Term
Zidovudine- Contraindications
Definition
Don't give to people with Ganciclovir, used to tx CMV
Term
Zalcitabine- abrev
Definition
ddC
Term
Zalcitabine- AE
Definition
peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis
Term
Didanosine- Abrev
Definition
ddl
Term
Didanosine- AE
Definition
Pancreatitis- deadly
Peripheral neuritis is common
Term
Didanosine- meals
Definition
Do not take with meals, acid will destroy the drug
Term
Stavudine- Abrev
Definition
d4t
Term
Stavudine- AE
Definition
lipodystrophy- prevrent with pravastatin and atrovastatin
peripheral nueropathy
Term
Abacavir- abrev
Definition
ABC
Term
Abacavir- AE
Definition
hypersensitivity rxn- deadly
Term
Tefovir- AE
Definition
nephrotoxic
Term
Lamivudine, emtricitabine- AE
Definition
minimal toxicity
GI, HA
Term
Emtricitabine- abrev
Definition
FTC
Term
NRTI- MOR
Definition
3-4 AA mutations
Term
NNRTI's
Definition
Nevirapine, delavirdine, enfavirenz, etravirine, rilpirivine
Term
NNRTI- MOA
Definition
non competitive antagonist of RT
Term
NNRTI- new or old cells?
Definition
New
Term
NNRTI- HIV1, 2, or both
Definition
HIV 1
Term
NNRTI- AE
Definition
Rash, hepatotoxicity
Term
NNRTI- MOR
Definition
1 codon change- very common
Term
NNRTI- T1/2
Definition
long
Term
NNRTI- protein binding
Definition
high
Term
NNRTI- metabolism
Definition
in the liver and high
Term
Nevirapine- effect on CYP450
Definition
Inducer
Term
Delvaridine- CYP450 inducer or inhibitor
Definition
Inhibitor
Term
Efavirenz- AE
Definition
Abnormal CNS effects- vivid dreams, insomnia, dizziness
Term
Effavirenz- Food
Definition
don't take with fatty meals
Term
Efavirenz- Contraindications
Definition
Pregnancy
Term
Etravirine- - use
Definition
last line, NNRTI is have developed resistance to all the others
Term
Riplirivine- AE
Definition
Severe rash
GI
Term
Protease inhibitors
Definition
Indinavir, atazanavir, tipranavir, fosamprenavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir
Term
PI- MOA
Definition
binds to active site of protease --> cant cleave the polyprotein
Term
PI- new, old, both
Definition
both
Term
PI- AE
Definition
hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, osteoperosis, GI disturbances, redistribution of fat from face and extremities to waist
Term
PI- resistance
Definition
4-5 Codon mutation
Term
PI- lymphodystrophy
Definition
redistribution of fat from face and extremities to waist, HIV lymphodystrophy syndrome.
Tx atrovastatin, provastatin
Term
PI- liver enzymes
Definition
inhibitors or CYP3A4 --> lots of drug interactions
Term
PI- metabolism
Definition
hepatic
Term
PI- protein binding
Definition
high
Term
PI- excretion
Definition
renal
Term
PI- order of CYP3A4 interactions
Definition
Ritonavir- greatest
squinavir- least
Term
Indinavir- AE
Definition
Kidney stones
hyperbillirubinemia
alopecia
Term
Atazanavir- AE
Definition
prolonged PR- messes up atria
hyperbiirubinemia
Term
Tipranavir- Intracranial hemorrhage
Definition
Term
Ritonavir- AE
Definition
largest inhibitor of CYP3A4 enzyme --> inhibits metabolism of other HIV drugs, so saves $
Term
Fusion inhibitor
Definition
Enfuviritide- Fuzeon
Term
Enfuviritide- MOA
Definition
binds to gp41 env protein and prevents fusion of HIV to cell
Term
Enfuviritide- resistance
Definition
1 codon change, low barrier
Term
Enfuviritide- HIV1,2, both
Definition
HIV1
Term
Enfuviritide- usees
Definition
last ditch when all other drugs have failed
Term
Enfuviritide- AE
Definition
Injection site rxns, N/D, fatigue, Neutropenia
Term
Enfuviritide- admin
Definition
subcutaneous injection
Term
Enfuviritide- protein binding
Definition
92%
Term
Enfuviritide- metabolism
Definition
Proteloytic degridation, not hepatic metabolism
Term
Agents for MDR HIV
Definition
Maraviroc
Raltegavir
Etravirine
Term
Maraviroc- MOA
Definition
binds to CCR5, CCR5 antagonists, HIV can't bind
Term
Maraviroc- AE
Definition
Major hepatotoxicity
Term
Raltegavir- MOA
Definition
integrase inhibitor
Term
Etravirine- ?
Definition
really an NNRTI that is used when other drugs have failed
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