Term
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Definition
CNS rxn to painful stimuli, associated with tissue damage.
Results in inflammation with release of histamine, PGs, bradykinins |
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Term
| Used to inhibit pain transmission |
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Definition
endorphins & enkephalins
(inhibit substance P release) |
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Term
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Definition
| Questions on how bad pain is, where, what makes it better or worse, does intensity change with time? etc... |
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Term
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Definition
COX-1: always making PGs and thromboxane, lots of physiological function in terms of BVs, blood flow, kidneys blood supply, and stomach protection. Protective factors lost when using NSAIDS
COX-2: areas of inflammation. NSAIDs specific for COX-2 (celecoxib) |
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Definition
| Can occur if yuo give aspirin to a kid running a fever (with flu or chicken pox), can be life threatening so give him tylenol instead! |
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Term
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Definition
| overdose, toxicity increases in terms of respiratory rate. Can uncouple oxidative phosphorylation so you generate heat instead of ATP (increases CO2, which increases respiration) |
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Term
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Definition
| can occur with use of steroids, but steroids can be used to treat uveitis and iritis |
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Term
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Definition
most common inflamm condition over age 40 men
Use NSAIDs, corticosteroids, colchicine to decrease inflammation (allopurinol for more chronic conditions) |
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Term
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Definition
treat with NSAIDS (first line treatment), ergot derivatives, serotonin (5HT) receptor agonists
Results from vasodilation of intracranial extracerebral blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
warning from body that is associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
Body copes with signal by releasing endorphins & enkephalins made by body to cope with pain level by inhibiting substance P release |
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Term
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Definition
good for body! Necessary bodily function to warn for damage or infection or attack on bodily systems.
Consists of histamine release, PG, bradykinins to sensitize pain receptor. Want certain amount of inflamm.
WBCs are cells of inflammation
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Term
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Definition
characteristics of pain:
what makes pain better/worse?
where is it?
description of pain
how does it compare to past pain?
does its intensity change with time? |
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Term
| 2 factors that affect ability of steroids to suppress inflammation |
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Definition
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Term
| most effective opthalmic corticosteroids |
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Definition
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Definition
slightly for efficacious than loteprednol
treats most cases of uveitis & severe episcleritis |
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Term
| Ocular Allergies (drug therapy) |
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Definition
| Initiate with antihistamine/ mast cell stabilizer |
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Term
| Steroid Contraindications |
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Definition
Do not give with herpes simplex infectious epithelial keratitis
bacterial infections
epithelial compromise |
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Term
| Why taper steroids and how? |
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Definition
taper so body will slowly produce its own cortisol for steroid hormones (from hypothalamus, ant pituitary, adrenal cortex) and to prevent rebound inflammation
Taper by 50% each time inflammatory control is achieved
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Term
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Definition
| produces lipid tears to keep tears stable, but can clog and water tear evaporates= dry eye problems |
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Term
| Biosynthesis of Ecosanoids |
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Definition
| Stimulus activates phospholipase A which activates PLs to make arachinoic acid for NSAIDs |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs often in pts with diabetes because of leaky and fragile vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| prescribe topical NSAID for less than a week to prevent this, with exception of CME |
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