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Anti-Infectants
List of definitions and drugs
58
Pharmacology
12th Grade
01/19/2011

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Term
Bacteriostatic
Definition
Allows the body's natural defense mechanisms to have time to destroy the microorganisms by inhibiting bacterial growth.
Term
Bactericidal
Definition
Kills the microorganisms
Term
Antibacterials
Definition

Not synthesized from microorganisms, usually bacteriostatic but some are bactericidal

Side Effects: Photosensitivity, Allergy

Term
Sulfacetamide (Sulamyd)
Definition

Antibacterials

Term
Sulfamethoxazole (Gantanol)
Definition
Antibacterials
Term
Acetic Acid (VoSol)
Definition

Antibacterials

Term
Povidone - Iodine (Betadine, Medicated douches)
Definition
Antibacterials
Term
Hexachlorophen (pHisoHex)
Definition
Antibacterials
Term
Urinary Anti-Infectives
Definition
Concentrate in the urine and are used for urinary tract infections (UTI's)
Term
Nirofurantoin (Macrodantin, Macrobid)
Definition

Urinary Tract Infectives

Special Directions: Take with food, drink plenty of fluid

Term
Norfloxacin (Noroxin)
Definition

Urinary Anti-Infectives

Special Directions: take on empty stomach and drink plenty of fluids

Term
Antibiotics
Definition

Synthesized by microorganisms - grown

Can be bacteriostatic or bactericidal

Term
Antibiotic Patient Information
Definition

most are taken on an empty stomach (one hour before or two hours after a meal) to ensure proper absorption.

Should be taken for the full course of therapy.

Certain liquid antibiotics need refrigeration and certain powders need to b reconstituted. Once reconstituted, some of these products should have 10-14 day expirations.

Term
Penicillin Side Effects
Definition
Allergy, Nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
Term
Penicillin (Pen-VK)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Ampicillin (Amcill)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Cloxacillin (Tegopen)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Dicloxacillin (Dynapen)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Nafcillin (Nafcil)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Piperacillin (Pipracil)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Ticarcillin (Ticar)
Definition
Penicillin
Term
Cephalosporins Side Effects
Definition
Allergy, Nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
Term
Cephalexin (Keflex)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefaclor (Ceclor)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefadroxil (Duricef)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefixime (Suprax)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefuroxime (Ceftin)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefprozil (Cefzil)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefpodoxime (Vantin)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Ceftazidime (Fortaz, Ceptaz)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefotetan (Cefotan)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Cefotaxime (Claforan)
Definition
Cephalosporins
Term
Cefazolin (Ancef)
Definition
Cephalosporin
Term
Quinolones
Definition

Have many drug interactions - antacids decrease the absoprtion and should be given 2 to 4 hours apart.

Cimetidine (Tagamet) increases the effect, caffeine clearing from the body is reduced, theophylline levels are increased

Term
Quinolones Side Effects
Definition
GI Upset, Headache
Term
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Definition
Quinolones
Term
Ofloxacin (Floxin)
Definition
Quinolones
Term
Norfloxacin (Noroxin)
Definition
Quinolones
Term
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
Definition
Quinolones
Term
Enoxacin (Penetrex)
Definition
Quinolones
Term
Cinoxacin (Cinobac)
Definition
Quinolones
Term
Nalidixic Acid (NegGram)
Definition
Quinolones
Term
Macrolides Side effects
Definition
GI Upset, Diarrhea
Term
Ertyhromycin (EES, Eryc)
Definition
Macrolides
Term
Macrolides
Definition
Antibiotic macrolides are used to treat infections caused by Gram positive bacteria.
Term
Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Definition
Macrolides
Term
Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
Definition
Macrolides
Term
Dirithromycin
Definition
Macrolides
Term
Tetracyclines
Definition
Tx of many bacterial infections. Also used in acne medication as well as cholera treatment.
Term
Tetracycline Side Effects
Definition
Photosensitivity
Term
Tetracycline (Achromycin)
Definition
Tetracyclines
Term
Doxycycline (Vibra-Tabs)
Definition
Tetracyclines
Term
Minocycline (Minocin)
Definition
Tetracyclines
Term
Domeclocycline (Declomycin)
Definition
Tetracyclines
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