Term
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Definition
alkylating agent- nitrogen mustard, attacks guanin N7
-CYP450 activation
-Acrolein urotoxic metabolite->stop with aggressive hydration and/or MESNA
(Na 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate)
-CCNS
-Non-hodgkin, ovarian, bread, neuroblastoma |
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Term
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Definition
alkylating agent- nitrosoureas
lipophilic-cross BBB
-Guanine residues position 6, cells can correct mismatch with AGT, also blocked with temozolamide (stronger) |
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Term
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Definition
alkylating agent- nitrosoureas
lipophilic-cross BBB
-Guanine residues position 6, cells can correct mismatch with AGT, also blocked with temozolamide (stronger) |
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Term
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Definition
alkylating agent
-condition BM
-CML therapy replaced by Imatinib
-pulmonary fibrosis |
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Term
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Definition
alkylating agent
-IV
-used for hodgkins |
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Term
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Definition
alkylating agent
-IV/PO
-Hodgkins/brain tumors
-disulfram like drug |
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Term
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Definition
alkylating agent- nitrosoureas
lipophilic-cross BBB
-P/O
-Guanine residues position 6, cells can correct mismatch with AGT, also blocked with temozolamide (stronger)
-Brain tumors |
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Term
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Definition
used for chonic alcoholism
-stops acid aldehyde breakdown to acidic acid
-gives hungover feeling (don't take with alcohol) |
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Term
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Definition
platinum complex
-N7 of guanine
-nephrotoxicity- dose limiting
-ototoxicity (don't combine with hearing problems or aminoglyocolides) |
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Term
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Definition
| -combined with cisplatin to prevent nephrotoxicity |
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Term
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Definition
platinum complex
-myelosuppression-dose related |
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Term
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Definition
platinum complex
-peripheral sensory neuropathy -dose dependent-pins and needles w/ cold, propioception (can't button shirt)
-colon cancer |
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Term
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Definition
folic acid analog (B9)
-blocks dihydrofolate reductase->no synthesis of adenine, guanine, or thymidine
-weak acid-secreted with base
-polyglutanated to active for and at high levels go to 7-OH methotrexate->crystalluria->hydration and alkalinization of urine to prevent
-other drugs-trimethaprime (antimicrobial) and pyromethamine (anti-protozoa)
-anticancer, immunosuppressant, and anti-inflammatory
-leucovorin rescues normal cell from toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
purine analog
-needs hypoxanthine-guanine phophoribosyl transferase (HSPRT) to activate-deficiency in Lesch-Nyan
-allopurinol increase []
-ALL |
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Term
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Definition
purine analog
-needs hypoxanthine-guanine phophoribosyl transferase (HSPRT) to activate-deficiency in Lesch-Nyan
-allopurinol increase []
-AML |
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Term
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Definition
pyrimidine analog
-must go active 5-FdUMP
-binds with cofacter n5n10 methylene
, thyidylate synthase to stop thymine synthesis
-can be used topically for basal cell carcinoma
-hand and foot syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
pyrimidine analog
-cytosine arabinoside/ara-C |
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Term
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Definition
methotraxate rescue- replenishes N N methylene tetrahydrofolate
-leucovorin=folinic acid which is converted to N5N10 methylent THF which bypasses DHF reducatase and be used to make nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
| -turns to 5-FU with thymidine phosphorylase (primarily concentrated in tumors->more specific) |
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Term
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Definition
Camptothecin group
topoisomerase I religation
-s phase only
-BMS and diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
Camptothecin group
topoisomerase I religation
-s phase only
-BMS and diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
podophyllotoxin group
-topoisomerase II religatino
-S and G2 phase specific
-BMS |
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Term
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Definition
-stops the polymerization of microtubules in spindles
-M phase specific
-no BMS, peripheral neuropathy, CNs, and autonomic CDS |
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Term
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Definition
-stops the polymerization of microtubules in spindles
-M phase specific
-BMS |
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Term
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Definition
-blocks the break down of microtuble spindles
-M phase specific
-BMS |
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Term
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Definition
-blocks the break down of microtuble spindles
-M phase specific
-BMS |
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Term
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Definition
-antinomycin D
-anti-cancer antibiotics- derived from steptomyces
-DNA intercalation, Topo II inhibition, and free radicals
-BMS
-no CCNS |
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Term
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Definition
anticancer antibiotics (larger group)
-DNA intercalation, inhibition of topo II, and generation of free radicals
-resistance-superoxide dismutase (usually in normal cells, but not in cardiac or tumor cells)
-BMS and cardiac toxicity
-"rubican"
-reversible arrythmias->CHF
-take dexrazoxane |
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Term
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Definition
anticancer antibiotics
-DNA intercalation, inhibition of topo II, and generation of free radicals
-resistance-superoxide dismutase (usually in normal cells, but not in cardiac or tumor cells)
-BMS and cardiac toxicity
-"rubican"- rubi red heart
-reversible arrythmias->CHF
-take dexrazoxane |
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Term
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Definition
-anticancer antibiotic
-forms DNA-Fe-Bleomycin complex->develops radicals->DNA strand breaks
-G2 phase specific (the only one)
-bleomycin hydrolase in normal cells or in resistance
-pulmonary and skin toxicity because of no hydrolase (pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis)
-amiodaron (class III andti arrythmic) and busulfan can also cause pulmonary problems
-more O2->more ROS->higher toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
-GnRH agonist
-non-pulsatile stimulation of anterior pituitary-> desensitization->no LH and reduce testosterone production
-stops prostate cancer growth |
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Term
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Definition
-estrogen antagonist
-inactivates estrogen signal transduction
-SERM-selective estrogen receptor modulator (acts as antagonist and agonist in different tissues)
-breast-antagonist, bone and other tissue-agonist :)
-used for breast cancer
-doesn't work if no receptor in cancer and is resistance if from loss of recpetor
-hot flashes, N and V |
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Term
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Definition
-aromatase inhibitor- stops the extraovarian conversion of androstenedione ->estrogen by aromatase in postmenopausal women
-breast cancer in postmen. women
-most be receptor positive
-can be used with tamoxifen resistance |
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Term
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Definition
-corticosteroids-supresses mitosis in lymphocytes
-leukemia/lymphoma
-supresses hypersensitivity, edema, pain, and inflammation from other drugs or cancer
-side effects-osteoporosis, psychosis, glucose intolerance |
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Term
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Definition
-GnRH agonist
-non-pulsatile stimulation of anterior pituitary-> desensitization->no LH and reduce testosterone production
-stops prostate cancer growth |
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Term
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Definition
-aromatase inhibitor- stops the extraovarian conversion of androstenedione ->estrogen by aromatase in postmenopausal women
-breast cancer in postmen. women
-most be receptor positive
-can be used with tamoxifen resistance |
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Term
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Definition
-aromatase inhibitor- stops the extraovarian conversion of androstenedione ->estrogen by aromatase in postmenopausal women
-breast cancer in postmen. women
-most be receptor positive
-can be used with tamoxifen resistance |
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Term
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Definition
-stops tumor cells producing asparagine-->turns all asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia (which can also be used by normal cells to get asparagine
-G1 phase specific
-can cause hypersensitivity rxns
-used for ALL |
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Term
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Definition
-stops ribonucleotide reductase (cannot form deoxyribonucleotides)
-G1 and S phase specific
-BMS
- |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cytarabine, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, methotrexate, hydroxyurea, etoposide, 5-FU |
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Term
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Definition
podophyllotoxin group
-topoisomerase II religatino
-S and G2 phase specific
-BMS |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bleomycin, busulfan, procarbazine |
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Term
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Definition
| docorubicin, daunorubican |
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Term
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Definition
| vincritine, cisplatin (oto) |
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Term
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Definition
| cyclophosphamide, methotrexate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
IL-2, increase lymphocyte differenttiaion and NK
-use in renal cell cancer and metastatic melanoma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
G-CSF
-increase granulocytes-used in marrow recovery |
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Term
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Definition
GM-CSF
-increase granulocytes and macrophages-used in marrow recovery |
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Term
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Definition
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