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Definition
| Small scale evolution, genetic changes withing a population over time |
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Definition
=Received through the senses. |
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Term
A Hypothesis must meet all except: |
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Definition
=Always use the same research design between different hypothesis. |
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Term
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Definition
=Having two different alleles of a particular gene (earlobes Ee) |
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Term
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Definition
=Having two like alleles of a particular gene. It is dominant when the allele is dominant and recessive when the allele is recessive. Earlobes (EE) |
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Term
The Y Chromosome (physical, mechanisms, size and relevance) |
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Definition
=The smaller of two sex chromosome .Females usually posses no Y chromosome, males usually posses one x and one y chromosome. 22 pairs of nonsex chromosomes. Sex chromosomes of male are not homologous. Carries few genes. |
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Term
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Definition
= genes on the same chromosome are said to be linked and the phenomenon . only two types of gamates are produced instead of four.but sometimes there is a crossover. |
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Term
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Definition
| =an organisms observable or measurable characteristics,it includes physical appearance, internal anatomy, and physiology. |
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Definition
| a particular hai texture, and allergy, a blood type. |
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Definition
| Refers to genes on the x chromosome, and it refers to the males would inherit x linked genes/ |
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Term
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Definition
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| What is Dominant and a recessive trait? |
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Definition
| a dominant trait is in seen in the hybrid, the recessive is not seen yet and it can be passed on in a later cros |
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Term
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Definition
| a step in the scientific method in which a statement is generated on the basis of highly confirmed hypotheses and used to generalize about condtions not yet tested |
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| Why is Linnaeus Classification Important? |
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Definition
| It is necessary for a scientific understanding of the relationship of one plant or animal to the next. |
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Term
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Definition
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| What is the study of heredity? |
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Definition
| study of sciengenetics, relates to mendelins gennetics , important for the understanding of heredity and human genetics |
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Term
| How many Major Allelles are in the ABO system? |
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Definition
| Three allelles , A, B, or O |
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Term
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Definition
| jewish are highers carries 1 in 3600 |
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Term
| What are the deviations from Mendellans genetics?(covered) |
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Definition
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Term
| Steps for successful reproduction |
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Definition
1.survival , if they die young he wnt produce as much or wont produce at all.
2.success of mating if they cant mate reproductive mate will be low or nonexistent
3.fitness endurable will produce varying numbers of offspring |
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Term
| Is Human a technical word? |
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Definition
| No its a coloptical term, there is no technical word |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Spontaneous mutation,induced mutation, exact cause cant be determined. Chemicals, compounded in medicines, waters. |
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Term
| What must happen to an organism in order for an organism to move into a new ecological ocean to land? |
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Definition
| There has to be physical access, the habitats in which the individuals live must provide a variety of niches,the individual must be preadapted to some degerees, and either the new nich must be unoccupied or the entering indididuals must be able to compete succesfully with other populations already existing in the niche. |
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Term
| The affect of bottlenecking in a population? |
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Definition
| the reduction of the poppulation causes a reduction in variation because of the probability that some variants will lost by chance as individuals are lost from the population. |
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Term
| What is the effect of Consanguinous mating? |
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Definition
| have no effects on the alleles but increases the probability of homozygous and decrease of herterozygous individuals |
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Term
| What is assortive mating? |
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Definition
| People with certain phenotype tend to mate more or less often than would be expected if matins were random. It influences gene combination in successive generations |
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Term
| What is genetic equilibrium? |
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Definition
| a hypothetical state in which a population is not evolving because the allele frequencies remian constant over time. |
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Term
| is genetic equilibrium like to occur? |
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Definition
| there needs to be no mution, infinite population size, no introduction of genes from neighboring populatios, random mating and equal fertility. Unlikely. all population is evolving. |
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Term
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Definition
| a shift in population by genration example choosing someone with larger bod size, the smaller body being selected agaisnts |
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Term
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Definition
| human infants that are lighters or heavier than average do not survive as well as do those of avarage weight |
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Term
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Definition
| diversity increases and sometimes populations actually fragment into two new populations |
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Term
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Definition
| traits that make males more attractive to females |
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Term
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Definition
| a two parth name given to species, the first name is also the name of the genus. and example of binomen is homo sapiens. |
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Term
| what is Artificial selection |
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Definition
| The deliberate breeding of domesticated animals or plants. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any factor that brings about differences in fertility and mortality. Like the small pox . |
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Term
| What is fitness and How is it measured? |
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Definition
| Mesures how well an individual or population is adapted to a specific ecological niche as seen in reproductive rates. By the amount of offspring one has. |
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Term
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Definition
| They evolved from a ladn dwelling hoofed mammal. Pakicetus oldes whatle indiea. They had feet ambulocetus natans, basilosaurus cetoides |
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Term
| What type of mammals are humans? What are their traits? |
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Definition
| Belong to Chordates, belong to species homo sapies and genus homo, we are mammamilia.teeth, regulation of body temperature, mammary glands |
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Term
| who is responsible for the form of the modern system of reclassification |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is responsible for taxanomimation biological mandel |
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Definition
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Term
| Where did the higher taxa and lower taxa break? |
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Definition
| Genious of species (lower taxa) |
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Term
| What are the taxation levels of who has more organisms> |
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Definition
| you have the least at the bottom and more at the top, bottom(genus,homo; species, homo sapiens) top(Domain, Eukaryota;Kingdom, Animalia |
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Term
| What is Order?What is Class? |
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Definition
1. Major division of a class, consissting of cloesely related families
2. Major division of a phylum, consisting of closely related orders.
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Term
| Which one is higher, order or class? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are apes generally adapted for? |
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Definition
| Leaping patterns of locomotion to grasp, climb and land, to consume fruits that grow on the ends of slender branches, enhanced vision and grasping feet to find insects |
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Term
| Which apes still exist that dont live in great africa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Hypothesis that recognizes pattersns on why they have evolved for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the traits in primates that make unusual? |
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Definition
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Term
| What trait is diminishing for primates and which one has become enhanced? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are primates able to see in three dimensions biologically |
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Definition
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Term
| what is intermembral index the measure of? |
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Definition
| the lenght of the humerus and radius relative to the lenght of the femur and tibia |
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Term
| Intermembral Index measuremnt numbers high and low , what it means? |
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Definition
| index of 100 arms and legs are of equal lenght, index over 100 indicates longers arms tha legs. index under 100 means that the legs are longer. |
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Term
| What are the adaptions for erect biopedalism? |
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Definition
| A form of locomotion found in humans in which the body is maintained in a an upright posture on two legs while moving by means of a heel toe stride. |
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Term
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Definition
| Foreign means whole in a bone, magnum is a big hole in bone. |
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Term
| What are the dental formulas? |
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Definition
2.1.2.3
_______
2.1.2.3
there are two incisors, one canine, two premolars and three molars |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of locomotion? |
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Definition
| vertical clinging and leaping, branc running and walking, and ground running and walking. |
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Term
| What does dominance interaction in bamboon look like? |
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Definition
Dominant males are good physical condition, confident and aggressive and attract support from other males.
Aggression is expressed by staring , raisig the eyebrow to expose the distinctively colored eyelid, slapping the ground , jerking the head back an forth, and "yawning" |
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Term
| Social interactions with chimpanzees? |
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Definition
| Can be determined by the terms domincance and submission. the suborninate holds back |
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Term
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Definition
| they hunt betweein 4 to 10 times a month, they do it in groups, they share the meat from 1hour 40 minute to 9 hours.They choose the Head . |
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Term
| what is grooming? Why do they do it? |
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Definition
| going through the fur with hand or teeth to remove insects, dirt, twigs, dead sking and so on, it shows signs of affection.and femal and males to bond. |
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Term
| How have the majorityy of humans survived? |
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Definition
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Term
| Estruss and hertrus, what difference does it cause- |
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Definition
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Term
| The definition of culture |
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Definition
| Culture is learned nonrandom, sytematic behavior and knowledge. it is transmitted from person to person and from genetration ,it is the accumalated inventory of ideas values , beliefs and manufactured goods. |
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Term
| Primates and protocultures the signs that they show? |
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Definition
| they are genetically determeined but also many behavioral patterns are apperantly learned. |
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Term
| What did the Koshima Island represent? The conclusion? |
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Definition
it saw the increased use of lomotor pattern as a new learned behavioral pattern , washing sweet potatoes in salt water was learned.
It suggest that changes in the frequency of an anatomical trait might result from change in a behavioral pattern. |
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Term
| What are the learned behavior patterns in chimpanzees? |
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Definition
| The use of termite sticks, the use of human made objects, they learn in their play groups. they learn how to be effective mothers by watching their own mothers. |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the proceses of burial and fossilizatin |
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Term
| What happens for something to become a fossil? |
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Definition
| The remais of the organism must be suitable for fossilazation;deceased organism must be buried very quickly after death;the remains must be favorable for fossilizaton |
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Term
| Is the fossil record complete |
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Definition
| No it isnt. Only 0.004 percent are the only ones represented |
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Term
| The first neandertals found? |
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Definition
| In La Chapelle-aux-Sains France. He was not rght as he had arthiritis but the pictuer were of hunched over and bowlegged with massive brow ridges and betial features |
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Term
| What is the difference between populationism and typologist ? |
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Definition
The viewpoint is the only individuals have reality and that the type is illusory, since no individuals are exactly alike, variation underlies all existence.
The viewpoint that basic variation of a type is illusory and that only fixed ideal types are real;two fossils that differ from each other in certain repects represent two types and, hene are two diffenrent species.
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Term
| What is autralopithecines? |
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Definition
| members of the genera australopithecus and parantropus who lived in africa approximately 4 to 1 million years ago. |
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Term
| The difference between the earlies autralopithecus and parathropus? |
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Definition
| one possesed a sagittal crest on the top of the cranuim, a large mandible and very large premolars and molars. |
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