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| any member of the primate suborder that contains the lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers. |
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| any member of the group containing tarsiers and anthropoid primates. |
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| in some classifications assigned to the suborder Prosimii |
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| the bar of bone which forms the posterior margin of the orbit. |
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| Bilophodont refers to a type of tooth structure. 'Bi-' means two. A loph is a ridge. And -dont means tooth. Hence, a bilophodont is a tooth with two ridges. Bilophodont teeth are a sub-type of lophodont teeth. |
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| a form of sexual selection in which females choose who they mate with. the result is that the traits making males more attracted to females are selected for. |
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| The genus Hylobates is one of the four genera of gibbons. It was once considered the only genus, but recently its subgenera |
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| The genus Pan is considered to be part of the subfamily Homininae to which humans also belong. |
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| an animal whose diet consists mostly of fruit |
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| a mating system in which a single male mates with many females. |
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| a term used for animals that do not live in social groups and do not form regular associations with conspecifics |
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| behavior that reduces the fitness of the individual performing the behavior( the actor) but increases the fitness of the individual affected by the same behavior |
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| a theory that altruism can evolve if pairs of individuals take turns giving and receiving altruism over the course of many encounters |
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| A form of selection that occurs in an environment at or near carrying capacity, favoring a reproductive strategy in which few offspring are produced. |
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| stereoscopic binocular vision |
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| vision in which 3d images are produced because each eye sends a signal of the visual image to both hemispheres in the brain- requires binocular vision |
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| any member of the primate suborder that includes the monkeys and apes |
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| In some classifications, a superfamily comprising the lemurs |
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| a layer behind the retina that reflects light in some organisms |
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| A superfamily that comprises the families Callitrichidae and Cebidae. Isolated, probably since the Eocene, the ceboids show certain differences from the Old World monkeys. Their noses are flat, the nostrils facing laterally (platyrrhine) due to ceboids' possession of a larger nasal apparatus than Old World forms. Facial |
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| is one of the two subdivisions of the higher primates (the other being the New World monkeys). It contains the Old World monkeys and the apes, which in turn are further divided into the lesser apes or gibbons and the great apes, consisting of the orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans. They are all native to Africa and Asia. |
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| callosity is another name for callus, a piece of skin that has become thickened as a result of repeated contact and friction.When occurring on an animal's buttocks, as with baboons, they are specifically called ischial callosities. They enable the monkeys to sleep sitting upright on thin branches, beyond reach of predators, without falling. |
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| sometimes called the Gelada Baboon, is a species of Old World monkey found only in the Ethiopian Highlands, with large populations in the Semien Mountains. Theropithecus is derived from the Greek root words for "beast-ape." |
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| a form of sexual selection in which males compete with other males for access to females.the result is that traits making males more successful in such competition, like large body size or large canines are selected for. |
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| is a boundary that separates the ecozones of Asia and Wallacea (which is a transitional zone between Asia and Australia). West of the line are found organisms related to Asiatic species; to the east, a mixture of species of Asian and Australian origin are present |
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| an animal whose diet consists mostly over leaves |
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| a mating system in which a single female forms a stable pair-bond with two different males at the same time. |
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| a form of competition that occurs when resources are clumped in space and worth defending |
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| a theory stating that altruistic acts will be favored by selection if the product of the benefit to the recipient and the degree of relatedness(r) between the actor and the recipient exceeds the cost to the actor |
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| rgues that large brains have arisen over evolutionary time as a response to the social and ecological conflicts inherent in group living. |
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| espond swiftly to favourable conditions with most of their energies devoted to rapid maturity and reproduction |
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| Anthropoid primate brains are about twice as large as they would be predicted for typical mammal of equivalent body mass |
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| any member of the group containing lemurs and lorises. |
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| is a family of strepsirrhine primates. The lorids are all slim arboreal animals and include the lorises, pottos and angwantibos. Lorids live in tropical, central Africa as well as in south and southeast Asia. |
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| is the moist, naked surface around the nostrils of the nose in most mammals. |
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| The five families are ranked together as the Platyrrhini parvorder and the Ceboidea superfamily, which are essentially synonymous since Ceboidea is the only living platyrrhine superfamily. New World monkeys are the five families of primates that are found in Central and South America: Callitrichidae, Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae, and Atelidae |
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| is a subfamily of the Old World monkey family that includes 58 species in 10 genera, including the skunk-like black-and-white colobus, the large-nosed Proboscis Monkey, and the gray langurs, sacred to India. Some classifications split the colobine monkeys into two tribes, while others split them into three groups. Both classifications put the three African genera Colobus, Piliocolobus, and Procolobus in one group; these genera are distinct in that they have a stub thumb. |
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| Baboons are African belonging to the genus Papio, part of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. There are five species, which are some of the largest non-hominid members of the primate order; only the Mandrill and the Drill are larger. Previously, the closely related Gelada (genus Theropithecus) and two species of Mandrill and Drill (genus Mandrillus) were grouped in the same genus, and these Old World monkeys are still often referred to as baboons in everyday speech. |
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| An ape is any member of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates, including humans. Due to its ambiguous nature, the term ape has been deemphasized in favor of Hominoidea as a means of describing taxonomic relationships. |
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| any member of the superfamily hominoidea which includes humans, all the living apes, and a number of extinct apelike humanlike species from the miocene , pliocine and pleistoncene epochs |
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| This genus includes three subspecies of gorilla, which are distinguished by their physical differences and their distribution in Africa. The western lowland gorilla is Gorilla gorilla gorilla, the eastern lowland gorilla is G. g. graueri, and the very rare mountain gorilla is G. g. beringei&127;. |
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| an animal whose diet consists mostly of insects |
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| His theory states that animals react to threats with a general discharge of the sympathetic nervous system, priming the animal for fighting or fleeing. This response was later recognized as the first stage of a general adaptation syndrome that regulates stress responses among vertebrates and other organisms. |
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| a form of social organization in which groups are composed of a single mated pair and their dependent offspring |
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| a form of competition that occurs when resources are distributed evenly through space and not worth defending |
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| a rule of predicting that altruistic behavior among relatives will be favored by natural selection if rb> c, where r is the coefficient or relatedness between actor and recipient, b is the sum of the benefits of performing the behaior on the fitness of the recipients and c is teh cost in decreased fitness of the donor of performing the behavior |
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| ecological brain hypothesis |
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| the capacity to be aware of the thoughts, knowledge or perception of other individuals |
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