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Natural Selection: competition for resources, avoidance of predators, attract mate for reproduction
Only the most "fit" will survive to go on and reproduce and pass on genes |
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Change in allele frequencies within an interbreeding group of individuals across a generation.
Can occur through mutation, migration, genetic drift, recombination and natural selection |
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| Traits in terms of evolutionary forces acting on them. (i.e. females who display preferences have more attractive males) |
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| Biological function in terms of immediate physiological or environmental factors |
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Traits selected by natural selection that allow a species to most efficient survive in their niche.
Biology-explains how some may be more fit than others. |
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| Claiming a trait is an adaptation: |
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| About phenotypic design, there are genes in the species gene pool specifically for the trait, the past |
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| Biological trait describes how successful an organism has been at passing its genes |
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| An approach that examines psychological traits such as memory, language and perception |
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| A specific allele make up of an individual |
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| Physical expression of the genotype/alleles in an environment |
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| Development of an organism from start of life to end |
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| Study of relatedness among groups of organisms (species, populations, etc.) |
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| The finding, acquiring and keeping a mate |
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Amount of effort and energy a parent must spend on their offspring (gestation, lactation, feeding, grooming, protecting, etc.)
Female: limited by resources and energy; more choosy
Male: lack of access to females; take every possible opportunity to mate |
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Pyscho-Biological phenomenon whereby males are more likely to be interested when introduced to a novel sexual partner
Darwin Fitness - in the interest for a male to reproduce w/ other females (after impregnation) |
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| Primary Reproduction Limiting Resource |
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Definition
Males: access to fertile female; ideal number of mates are higher than for females
Females: ability to acquire resources to provide for offspring; attracted to status more than beauty |
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| Buss & Schmidt's Sexual Strategy Hypothesis' |
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Definition
-males more likely prefer short term mating
-males can identify which women are sexually accessible through short term mating
-short term will minimize commitment and investment for males
-identify which women are fertile through short term
-long term solves problem for paternity confidence
-long term, men identify reproductively valuable women
-women use short term to find long term prospective mates
-women seek long term mate with resources and investment for offspring |
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Between the sexes
(ornaments)
displays of fertility in women |
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Within a sex
(arnaments)
defeat your opponent |
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| Occurs when one sex (usually female) have preferences for traits in another. (i.e. peacocks, female prefer long tail will pass on gene to future generations until it is no longer worth while) |
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| Behavior that signals that you are an evolutionary fit specimen but involves you providing something that is in demand w/o sure of generosity being reciprocated |
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| Evolutionary Life History Theory |
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| Explains ones life is on a schedule of key points derived from natural selection to provide maximum offspring |
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| Parental Investment Theory - Trivers |
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-How likely is the juvenile my own offspring?
-How likely will the juvenile be able to translate investment into future reproductive success?
-Can juvenile get resources/investments elsewhere?
-Alternate potential uses of investment? (mating effort, future offspring) |
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| Sundie Et Al/Conspicuous Consumption Display |
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Definition
| Men/short term more likely to spend on conspicuous consumption - successful in attracting short term women |
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| Male prefer lower WHR - provides cues to mate value (age, life stage, health, pregnancy, etc.) |
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| Lasseck & Gaulin - WHR Assessment |
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-Sign of pregnancy
-Composition of gynodial fat (around hips/supports brain growth in pregnancy/infants) |
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| Sugiyama - Shiwar Culture |
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Definition
-Shiwar men preferred lower WHR than local average (not as low as American men tho)
-Shiwar preferred heavier women, but lower WHR within weight |
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| Marlowe & Westman - WHR in Hazda |
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-Hazda men liked high weight
-From side profile, like lower WHR |
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| BMI accounted for 80% of variance in female attractiveness. WHR accounted for little to none. |
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