Culture vs. Society

Culture:                                            Society: 

behavior                                           relationships

symbols                                            dyad/group

adapt to environment                        status and roles

beliefs meaning

Cultural Anthropology

(the five subd-disciplines of Anthropology)

Linguistic Anthropology

(the five subd-disciplines of Anthropology)

Archeology

(the five subd-disciplines of Anthropology)

Physical/Biological Anthropology

(the five subd-disciplines of Anthropology)

Applied Anthropology

(the five subd-disciplines of Anthropology)

History of Anthropology

Began as a field study in the __________ by the __________ and ______________

Short History of Ant

Travel by...

Short History of Ant

Colonialism... needed to understand _____________

Short History of Ant

First: began to trace _________________

Lower, Middle, Upper Savagery

Lower, Middle, Upper Barbarism

Civilized

the belief that your culture and life ways are natural and superior to all others

*positive side: it is the glue of culture

•          No human group has ever been isolated from other humans long enough for genetic changes to occur.

•          No human group has ever been isolated from other humans long enough for genetic changes to occur.

•          Other cultures construct race differently.

•          Other cultures construct race differently.

•          Traits used to “define” race are arbitrary.  Why choose skin color rather than height, or eye color rather than eye shape?

•          Racial “traits” are obvious.

•          Traits used to “define” race are arbitrary.  Why choose skin color rather than height, or eye color rather than eye shape?

•          Racial “traits” are obvious.

•          Racism

•          The belief that some peoples are genetically superior to others.

•          Racialism

•          Biological fixed races that have different moral, intellectual, and physical characteristics.

•          These races can be ranked in a hierarchical scale.

•          Political action need to be taken so that society reflects the hierarchy

•          Biopsychological Equality
Franz Boas

•          All human beings have an equal capacity for culture

•          Cultural Relativism
Franz  Boas

•          Peoples lifeways, values and customs must be understood in terms of that culture

•          Anthropologist must not judge a culture, if they are to understand the logic and dynamics of that culture.

•          This is a fundamental tool of Anthropology

Emic

•          Point of view of the cultural insider.  Trying to understand a culture as if one were born into it.  Understand how to think and act as a native.

etic

•          The outsider’s point of view.  Looking at a society in terms of concepts, categories and rules from outsider’s perspective.  

•          Members of the culture may not agree with the researcher’s analysis nor find the analysis meaningful. 

1) Learned behavior

2) Use of language/symbols

3) Are pattered/integrated (have a logical relationship)

4) shared by members of a group

5) are adaptive

6) change

Wild boy of Aveyron...

This person had No Culture!!

found at Agelz-shown in Paris

no ability to focus, no language

The group of a culture consists of a...

The group of a culture consists of a shared socially learned knowledge and cultural behavior pattern. 

These describe types of _______________

Internal

External

Disease

Climate