Term
| What artery is found in the gut? |
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Definition
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Term
| What artery is found in the hind leg? |
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Definition
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Term
| What main artery pumps blood to the rest of the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What direction to arteries carry blood? |
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Definition
| heart to tissues, oxygenated |
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Term
| What direction do veins carry blood? |
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Definition
| tissues to heart, deoxygenated |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| exchange blood components with tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissue containing RBCs, WBC, gases, proteins, hormones etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| ventricles fill, heart is relaxed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| reservoir for RBCs, can do natural blood doping! |
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Term
| What does a RBC count test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a haemoglobin count test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a hematocrit test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a urea test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the functional unit of the kidney? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
filter waste
maintain plasma osmolarity (300 mOsm) |
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Term
| If a horse is dehydrated it will have _______ osmolarity in the urine |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe compulsory nasal breathing |
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Definition
-epiglottis overlaps with soft palate, preventing horse from breathing through the mouth
-only moves when swallowing |
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Term
| What highly vascularized nasal components warm the air taken in, and increase surface area of the olfactory epithelium? |
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Definition
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Term
| describe the flow of air/oxygen from time of intake, onwards |
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Definition
trachea....through cartilage protective rings to bronchus
to bronchiole...through alveolar duct to alveoli |
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Term
| What affects the rate of gas exchange? |
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Definition
-proportional to area available for gas exchange
-inversely proportional to the thickness of the exchange surface |
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Term
| The diffusion rate of a gas is ________ to the area available |
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Definition
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Term
| The diffusion rate of a gas is __________ to the thickness of the exchange surface |
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Definition
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Term
T or F
Lungs occupy most of the thoracic cavity |
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Definition
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Term
| Which lung is larger, right or left? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the surface area of the lungs? Why is it so large? |
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Definition
2500 square meters!
to maximize gas exchange |
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Term
| What are some defense mechanisms of the respiratory system? |
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Definition
mucus-producing cells to trap dust
cilia to trap matter & move out of system |
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Term
| When the diaphragm is relaxed, how is it shaped? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the diaphragm contracts, how is it shaped? |
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Definition
| flattened to expand cavity |
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Term
| What muscles work in addition to the diaphragm to expand the thoracic cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the flow of blood in the lungs |
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Definition
| Deoxygenated blood through pulmonary artery, gas exchange in alveoli, oxygenated blood returns to heart |
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Term
| What do the pleural membranes do? |
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Definition
| fluid between the two layers causes the lungs to stick to the chest wall, aiding with lung expansion when the chest cavity expands |
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Term
| What is locomotory repiration coupling? |
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Definition
-inhale at moment of suspension
-exhale on landing
-weight of gut applies physical pressure to cause exhalation when moving |
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Term
True or False
the lungs are never completely empty of air |
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Definition
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Term
What is the average breaths per minute at rest?
Total lung capacity? |
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Definition
12 breaths per minute
42L capacity |
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Term
| When a blood vessel is ruptured in the lungs, what is this called |
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Definition
| exercise-induced pulmonary hemmorhage |
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Term
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Definition
-diuretic
-horse pees more, blood pressure is reduced, decreases risk of bleeding |
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