Term
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Definition
charismatic creasture inspire conservation efforts for themselves - and for the thousands of lesser known, but vitally important plants and animals with which they co-exist
(Panda Bears for China) |
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Term
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Definition
a species whose status provides information on the overall condition of the ecosystem and of other species in environmental conditions as well as aspects of community composition
(Polar Bears - Global Warming) |
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Term
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Definition
Represents other species, their biology is well known, they are easily observed or sampled, they have large home ranges, are migratory and have a long persistence time. An umbrella species may or may not also serve as another type of surrogate, such as an indicator species, keystone species, or flagstone species
(black bears) |
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Term
| number one reason for endangerment |
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Definition
| Habitat loss (can lead to inbreeding) |
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Term
| why isnt the black bear endangered, only bear to not be |
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Definition
because it is very adaptable
-ominvores
-delayed implantation
etc |
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Term
| how many bear species are there? |
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Definition
8 on 4 different continents
brown, american black, asian black, polar, spectacled, sun, sloth, giant panda |
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Term
| when did agriculture begin? |
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Definition
after last ice age, 10,000 years ago (more stable climates)
important to development of civilization |
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Term
| domestication characteristics in animals |
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Definition
14 animals over 100 lbs domesticated
- hardiness
- dominance social behaivor
- herd behavior
- utility to humans
- facile reproduction
- facile husbandry
domesticated 16 mammals, 4 avian
1 true carnivor = cat (1 of the 16)
2 ominivores (dog and pig) |
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Term
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Definition
among first hoofed domesticate
food, fiber, milk
9000 BP
Fertile crest syria or Turkey |
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Term
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Definition
same time as sheep (9000 BP)
fertile cresent iraq
meat, fiber, milk |
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Term
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Definition
at multiple sites(~7)
8000 BP in fertile crescent
7000 BP in East asia
food - today most from china (east asia) and Germany (Europe) |
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Term
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Definition
from aurochs
at two sites
8000 BP Bos taurus in fertile crest Turkey/syria
7000 BP Bos indicus in Zebu in India
religious purposes first then draft, meat and milk |
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Term
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Definition
Near-Eastern tabby like wild cat
9000 BP in fertile crescent
in early ag settings as pest control
companionship and worship
much later domestication in Egypt for religious purposes - worship |
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Term
| where did the seahorse farming video take place |
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Definition
philipines
3 tier program
- holding cage for males
- "no fish zone"
- farming
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Term
| uses for animals other than food |
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Definition
| traction (pulling/hauling), inedible products, clothing, conservation, tourism, guard animals, manure, research, capital generations, storage, pest control |
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Term
| what effect does animals being harvested for nonedible purposes have on the population? |
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Definition
| This has a negative effect on the population |
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Term
| what effect does animals being harvested for clothing purposes have on the population? |
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Definition
| positive or negative depending on the animals status |
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Term
| What does a balanced population mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| what percent of animals used for research do rats and mice make up? |
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Definition
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Term
| are research animals well cared for? |
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Definition
| yes because if you dont your findings could be skewed (useless data) |
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Term
| which country has the most companion animals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which country has the most birds (companions) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the number one vet health problem in cats and dogs? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the number one killer of cats and dogs? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| continuous, bidirectional relationship bringing significant benefit to both, in some sense voluntary . Each party treats other with object of admiration, trust, devotion, or love |
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Term
| zoonosis counts for what perecent of emerging diseases |
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Definition
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Term
| what plays a crucial role in all aspects of human-animal interactions? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the maximum population of a biological species that an enviormnent can sustain indefinitely, given the availalbe resources |
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Term
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Definition
largest Island in Lake Superior
wolves and moose are the single predator prey loop |
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Term
| what determines agricultural sstems used in a certain area? |
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Definition
environment
society
religion |
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Term
| Extensive agricultural systems |
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Definition
low input in relation to land area farmed
outputs depend on natural factors
location far from markets
smallholders |
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Term
| intensie agriculture systems |
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Definition
high inputs
high outputs
located close to market |
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Term
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Definition
making ends meet
supplemented with hunting, gathering, stealing, etc.
nomadic herding in dry areas-follow the heards
slash-and-burn agricuture
system of land rotation
practiced in some tropical areas
rudimentary sedentary tillage (stay in one place)
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Term
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Definition
goal: feed self and family
self-sufficiency
small scale, low tech, local consumption, no trade
intensive subsistence tillage
animals for work not food |
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Term
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Definition
Goal: make a profit
management usually intesnsive (poss extensive)
ranching, gran farming, livestock/crop farming, diary farming,plantations, specialized horticulture, mediterranean agriculture, market gardening |
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Term
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Definition
eohippus: small dog like animal with toes
chestnut thought to be remnants of toes
domesticated in Eurasian steppes ~ 4000-3500 B.C.
last to be domesticated |
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Term
| horse population in U.S. and world wide |
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Definition
USA: 9.2 million (most of all countries)
World Wide: 58 Million |
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Term
| how many americans are involved in the horse industry |
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Definition
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Term
| horse with turned in ears |
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Definition
Asian Marwari horse
used for royal purposes (looks regal) |
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Term
| what characteristics do japanese native breeds of horses share in common |
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Definition
- they are all technically ponies
- they are known for their endurance, their ability to survive on poor food and in severe weather conditions
- all share the characteristics of having extremely tough hooves
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Term
| what is the oldes living equine |
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Definition
Asian mongolian Prezeqalksi horse
endangered
considered the living link between the modern horse and its prehistoric ancestors
traditionally and modernally hunted for meat |
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Term
| where is the biggest horse race in the world? |
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Definition
| united Arab Emirates: big reace in the UAE is the Dubai World Cup, a race wih a purse of six million dollars, making it the largest purse in the world |
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Term
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Definition
| warmbloods: resutl of breeding large cold draft horses with hot blooded lighter and faster horses |
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Term
| pheasant hunting program: wildlife propagation centers |
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Definition
helfrich WPC central Il
Des Plaines WPC notheastern IL
Mt. Vernon WPC southern IL |
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Term
| Types of pheasent release |
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Definition
gentle release
-small groups
-catch, disorient, release in cover
-areas in danger of pheasents flying out (small areas)
Fly out:
-larger area release
-not flock birds |
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Term
| Philosophy of operations for pheasent hunting |
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Definition
| produce high quality captive reared pheasants at least cost that are virtually indistinguishable f rom naturally occuring pheasants |
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Term
| what birds where brought in for crossbreeding |
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Definition
manchurian pheasant chicks from wisconsin derived from wild pheasant in northcentral china and brought directly to us by Ma Farlane
china male crossed with IL female
noticably wilder pogeny |
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Term
| How many birds are harvested each year by controlled pheasant hunting |
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Definition
| Controlled pheasant hunting programs harvest 98% of the pheasants harvested on public hunting arease managed by IDNR |
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Term
| who is the larges producer of Peaken Ducks? |
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Definition
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Term
| who has the highes per capita consumption of ducks? |
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Definition
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Term
| feed conversion ratio for ducks |
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Definition
| 1.7lbs feed per 1 lb of gain very efficient (little better than chickens) |
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Term
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Definition
| amazing, on average gain just over 25% of their body weight everyday |
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Term
| what does wildlife require to survive |
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Definition
| food, cover, and water... with these three they will flourish |
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Term
| what accounts for the highest percentage of lamb death losses in open range, fenced range and farm flocks? |
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Definition
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Term
| how has the eastern coyote evolved |
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Definition
| from crosses between western coyotes and the grey wolf...not subject to predation, and infestation of parasites and are disease are minimal |
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Term
| what animal evokes strong feelings in people? |
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Definition
| the wolf... these emotions can be one way or the other (kill or conserve) |
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Term
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Definition
| for sport not for food... often dog attacks on livestock are worse than wolf/coyote attacks/kills |
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Term
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Definition
| consiss of a rope or wire that has strips of red or orange flagging all along its length... whips about in wind to create psychological deterrent to wolves... |
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Term
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Definition
dogs, donkeys, llamas, catle, horses, mules (donkey/mule) probably best
bond to flock early
break predation cycle of predator-dont attack but engage
-breaks series of steps a predator goes through prior to a kill-makes predator tired and confused and or intimidated and injured |
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Term
| who consumes the most pork, chicken, beef, milk,eggs? |
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Definition
china-pork
USA-chicken, beef
India-milk
Mexico-eggs |
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Term
| what kind of diet do people have as evolutionary design |
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Definition
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Term
| efficiency monogastrics, ruminants |
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Definition
monogastrics-effective yet similar diet to people
ruminants-less efficient yet turn forage into food |
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Term
| what to consider when producing animals |
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Definition
water availability
production type
economic/political stability |
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