Relieves urinary retention and postoperative abd distention.

Cholinergic Drugs (parasympathomimetics)

*Direct Acting*

Direct-acting

Cholinergic (parasympathomimetics)

Stimulate the parasympathic nervous system directly in the same manner as acetylcholine.

Decrease heart rate

Increased tone and contractility in the gastrointestinal smooth muscles.

Increased salivary gland and GI secretions

Increased tone and contractility of smooth muscle in the urinary bladder

Increased respiratory secretions

Increased tone/contractility of bronchial smooth muscle

Myasthenia gravis and antidote for skeletal muscle relaxants used in surgery.

*Indirect acting*

Cholinergic (parasympathomimetics)

Alzheimers disease

*indirect acting*

Cholinergic (parasympathomimetics)

Abdominal discomfort,diarrhea,nausea,vomiting

Bronchospasms and Bradycardia 

(if these occur,withhold medicine and consult physician)

Increases heart rate in bradycardia and heart block. Used before surgery to reduce respiratory tract secretion.

Anticholinergic Drugs

(Blocking Agents)

(Parasympatholytic)

Decreases secretions

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

antipasmotic effects to relieve urinary incontinence and frequency.

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

Parkinson's Disease

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

maintain mydiasis during eye exam

Anticholinergic 

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic 

asthma and chronic bronchitis

Anticholinergic

Blocking agent

Parasympatholytic

Anticholinergic Drugs

Blocking Agents

Parasympatholytic

Anticholinergic 

Block Agents 

Parasympatholytic

occupy receptor sites at parasympathetic nerve endings which prevents the action of acetycholine.

Decreases cardiovascular responses to vagal stimulation.

Bronchodilation/decreased respiratory tract secretions.

Antispasmotic effects in the GI tract

Mydriais (dilation of pupil)

Vanceril

 (oral inhalation)

Vancenase,Flonase, and Beconase

(nasel inhalation)

Cortone (cortisone)

Dacadron (dexamethasone)

Hydrocortone or Cortef (Hydrocortisone)

Solu-medrol (methylypredisolone succinate)

Deltasone (prednisone)

To correct a deficent state in the body and exert an antiinflammatory, immuno-suppressive,antiallergic, and antistress effects.

Allergic to reactions to medications

Collagen disorders-systemic lupus erthematosus

Dermatologic disorders-contact dermantitis

GI problems-Crohn's disease

Neurologic disorders-cerebral edema,acute spinal cord injury

Organ and tissue transplants-prevent rejection

Renal disease-nephrotic syndrome

Respiratory disorders-asthma,COPD,rhinitis

Rheumatic disorders-arthritis

Endocrine disorders

" cushingoid"appearance-moon face,bufflo hump,obese trunk.

Hyperglycemia

CNS effects-euphoria,depression

Musculoskeletal effects-osteoporosis,pathologic fractures

GI effects-bleeding

Increased susceptibility to infection and delayed wound healing

Menstruak irregularites

Cardiovascular effects-fluid retention,edema.hypertension.

Throid Drug

treats hypothyroidism

replace the deficient thyroid hormones T3 and T4 in hypothyroidism or in clients who have had their thyroid gland removed.

Control rate cellular metabolism,stimulate protein synthesis. Promote cell growth.

tachycardia

weight loss

intolerance to heat

nervousness

insomnia

diarrhea

angina

MI

CHF

PTU(propylthiourcil)

Tapazole (no peripheral activity)

Lugol's solution (strong iodine solution)

treat hyperthyroidism and prepare client for a thyroidectomy.

Inhibit the production of thyroid hormones and the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3.

Rash

nausea

vomiting

may see signs of hypothyroidism(bradycardia,constipation,weight gain,excessive sleeping, and slow speech.)

Humalog(insulin lispro)

NovoLog ( insulin aspart)

Rapid-Acting Analogs

Antidiabetic

(Insulin)

Regular IIentin II Humulin R

Novolin R

short-acting

antidiabetic

Insulin

NPH Iletin II

Humulin N

Novolin N

Intermediate-Acting

Antidiabetic Drugs

Insulin

Mixed

Antidiabetic Drug

Insulin

Antidiabetic Drugs

Insulin

Antidiabetic Drugs

Insulin 

increases glucose transport into most body cells.

Decreases breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis)

Decreases formation of new glucose from  amino acids and fatty acids.

Increases glycogen synthesis.

Antidiabetic drugs

Insulin

Hypoglycemia:,nervousness,cool,clammy skin,irritability,blurred or double vision,convulsions,coma.

Lipodystrophy:atrophy or "dimping" at the injection site from too frequent injections into same site. Uncommon with human insulin.

Sulfonylureas(Glucotrol,DiaBeta)

Alpha-Glucosidase  Inhibitors (Glycet)

Biguanide (Glucophage)-metformin

Glitazones (Avandia)

Meglitinides  (Prandin)

Lower blood sugar levels in Type 2 diabetes only.

Stimulates beta cells to produce and release more insulin.

Increase tissue responsiveness to insulin and increase peripheral use of glucose.

Decrease production of glucose in the liver.

Premarin

Depo-Estradiol

Estrogel(topical gel) 

Estroderm(patch)

Oral Contraceptives(along with progestin)

Promotes growth in tissue related to reproduction and sexual characteristics in women.

Replacement therapy in deficiency states

Component in birthcontrol pills

During menopause to control vaginitis and hot flashes

Post menopausal prevention/treatment of osteoporosis & cardiovascular disease.

nausea

vomiting

H/A

Thrombophlebitis

Weight gain

Hypertension

Oral Potassium Chloride

sustained release tablets

K0Dur,Slow-K

GI upset

nausea

vomiting

diarrhea