Lophtorcozoa

Repeated bodparts=metameres, seperated by a septum

use longitudinal and circulr muscles for mvmnt

peristalic contractions

have parapod(gills) on each segment

move wiith setea and ceate on parapodia

these guys are SEGMENTED

when longitudinal muscle is relaxed the worm is streatched, when they are contraced they are bunched up

each segment haspaired metanephridea (faculatative) for nitrogen waste, and paired ganglion for communication of muscles during locomotion.

use a hydrostatic skeleton for structure support

where does a closed circulatory system appear?

in the annelids!

pumping muslces is some segments move contained fliud into capilary beds for diffusion.

hermaphrodites

gondad types next door, rub gonoducts to exchange sperm.  fertilized eggs released into soil covered in a mucus cocoon produced by the clitellum.

many asexually bud clones called zooids.

some also bud epitokes: gamete filled individuals with enlarged eyes. swim to surface, release gametes and die.

=many haris

lophtrochozoa

anneldia

polychate

2 types: errant and sedentary

cross between a chitin and a pill bug

large and hairy

use parapodia for mvmnt with projecting bristles of setea

errant polychaete

have parapodia with setea for mvment

have a sensory strucutre for prey capture and detection.

these moblie worms are mostly predatore, have tentecles, large eyes, and jaws that extrude from a phayrnx

filter feed with tentecles

lack prominet sensory structres but do have a shadow reflex.  Usually live in some sort of burrow

sedentaria

polychaeta

annelidia

lophotrochozoa

types of sedentary polychaets

sandcastle worm (sand clump, build in the intertidal)

tube worm (gray, thin sand covering)

feather duster

plume worm

x-mas tree worm

tube worm (looks just like a tube snail, inhabiting a mollusc shell)

oligochaete

citellates

annelidia

lophtrochozoa

lack parapodia but use bristles for movement and attachment to burrow.

live on land or in fresh water

store food in a crop and grind in a gizzard

oligochaeta

citellates

annelidia

lophtorchozoa

small, live in water and able to diffuse oxygen thru body, high surface area -->no lungs or gills

hirudinea

citlleates

annelida

lophotrochozoa

lack bristles, or seatea, use sucker for locomotion.

spealized jaws:

1) annesetic so piercing is not felt

2) cappillary dialatory to increase blood flow

3)anticoagulant

 DONT HAVE A CLITELLUM, and no parapodia

archeobacteria are primary produceres of deep sea thermal vents

H2S and CH4 are released and these bacteria break these molecules down.  they are the base of the food chain, when another organisim eacts them the broken down molecues are avalibale to be used to synthesis carbs and other molecules.

life is belived to have orginated here, not much disturbance in thier environment.

whales are long distance dispersal mechanisim, need new vents each decade or so.

pogonophora 

annelidia

lophotrochozoa

beard bearing worms

lack GI tract and mouth

use tentacles to take up sulfer for their symbiont bacteria

red tip dog weiners

no specimans, on card if shown

brachiopods

lophophore

lophotochozoa

pedicle for attachment

use a lohphore for feeding, cilliaed tentacles

resemble bivalves

some have pedicle for attachment

lamp shells died out with dinosours, shells made of calsium phosphate

bryzoa

lophphore

lophtrochozoa

feed with ciliated tentacles

"moss animals"

look like turkish towls, or hydrazoa

live in a colony, have task specialization

asexually reproduce with zooids

have a calcareous or proteinceous exoskeleton

have a closeable operculem

spoon worms, fat inkeeper worm

echiura

lophtochozoa

lives in burrow with commesal organsims:

scale wrom

clam

goby fish

catches food with mucus net using perstalic contractions

peanut worms (butthole worms)

sipicula

lophtrochozoa

ribbon worms

no segments, mostly smooth

blak/purple specimans

nemertea

lophtrochozoa

extinct

3 lobed bottom dewllers

only fossil specimans, segmented like pill bugs, but thinner segments

trilobita

arthropoda

arthpopids

ecdyzoa

pycogonidia

gonads in legs

gastrovalsular cavity extends into each leg.

external digestion, fluid feeders

pycogonidia

chelicerata

arthropoda

arthopoids

ecdyzoa

meristomata

chilicerata

arthopoda

arthopopoids

ecdyzoa

have larva that resemble trilobita

only chelicerates with compound eyes

have a book gill which eveolved into book lung in the arachnids

ostracoda

crustcea

arthropoda

arthopopoids

ecdyzoa

"shell like" see thru creatures

have napulis larval stage

branchipodia

crustecea

arthropodia

arthpopoids

adapted for high salt water living

able to enter a inactive stage called daipause. their eggs are resistant to desication

respire with "gill feet"

daphnia

branchipodia

crustacea

arthropodia

arthpopoids

ecdyzoa

spring predator free

summer predatore --> larva with spines

=polymorhisim

 lrava is feeding, vertical migration, negative photo toxic to resist predation and UV.

live in fresh water

filter feed with wispy tentcles

barnacles

sappulina

cirripedia

crustecea

arthropoda

arthropopoids

ecdyzoa

a parasite that lives in a crab stomach

steal ebergy for genitals for own growth

starts as a napulus larva --> cyprid larva --> attach to crab

copepoda "oar footed plankton"

vertcal migration

responsible for deep scattering layer

oceans primary consumers

look like dinoflagellate

isopodia =same legs

crustacea

arthropodia

arthpopoids

ecdyzoa

only terristrial isopods

2 leg types

amphipodia

crustecea

arthropoda arthpopoids ecdyzoa

caprellids

amphipods

crustecea

arhtropods

arthpopoids

ecdyzoa

small, look like praying mantis

raptorial appendeges

live on whale blubber with barnacles

amphipodia

 crustecea

arthropoda

arthpopoids

ecdyzoa

decpoda

crustacea

arhtropoda

10 feet, including pincers

not equal segmentslong

long tail, in crabs its tucked under for brooding

decapoda

crustecea

arthropoda

larger eyes than sand flea (white speciman)

eaten by blue whales

hopping legs gray speciman, little smaller thn krill but has much smaller eyes

latterally compressed

amphipodia

crustecea

arthropoda

related clade to arthropopoids

looks like a penis

looks like a penut worm without the asshole

this clade includes centipeds and millipeds

myripoda

arthropoda

arthropopoids

ecdyzoa

centipeds

long legs

one pair per segment

long for running, they are predators

powerful bite

front legs evolved into fangs

herbavoirs

short legs

look like long pillbugs

dont need long legs for hunting 

2 pair of legs per segment

roll into a ball if disturbed

myripoda

arthopoda

arthropopoida

ecdyzoa

when flight eveolved metamorphisis was begging to be seen

juviniles looked like adults but lacked genitals and bore wings that developed into wings

odonta

orthoptera

isoptera

soft bodied larvea

intermediate pupal stage

hard bodied adult

change from one niche to another

(jh) supresses adult structures

coleoptera

diptera

leipoptera

hymenoptera

coleoptera

hexapoda

arthropoda

2 pairs of wings but second pair hardened into a hard cvering called elytra, protect wings from damage

complete

dipterans

hexapoda

arthropoda

one pair of wings, one pair of halteres (aid in balance)

some flies mimic bees: bees look hairy and have noticable antena

complete meta

diptera

hexapoda

arthropoda

carried on stealth mosquitos

larva bore into skin for a home

complete meta

diptera

hexapoda

arthropoda

related to flies

use halteres for balance

i pr wings, 1 pr halteres

sexual dimorphism:

males drink nector

females drink blood for protein to build eggs

complete meta

lepidopterans

hexapoda

arthropoda

clubbed anttena

butterfly scales homolougs with fly bristles

complete meta

two toxic spp, reinforce toxicity of eachother by having same color patteren. reinforce eachother toxic signals by converging on same color pattern.

dirunal

use visual cues to find nector

2 sub clades

homoptera: plant insects

hemipterans : true bugs sucking mouth parts

no meta

1/2 wing, 1/2 hard

look like bettle but have feathery or wing like ends.

wing extends further than body

some look like beetle back patterns

hemi (1/2)

no metamorphisis

hemiopterans

heteropterans

hexapoda

arthropoda

look like a large fly but has two wings

no metamorphisis

hymen-squeezed mid section

complete

isopterans

hexapoda

arthropoda

social workers

consume cellulose that is digested by flagellated protozoans

had white bodies

leuidoptera

hexapoda

arthropoda

feathery antena

nocturnal

incomplete meta

use chemoreception for nector sence

dragonfly, damsel

odonates

hexapoda

arthropoda

incomplete meta

best compund eyes

look like polycheate

blue

claw bearing

onycophora

arthropopoids

ecdyzoa

sister taxa of arthropods

orthopterans

hexapoda

arthropoda

rub body parts

rub body parts for sounds of mates

sound precieved thru paired tympanic membranes on legs or abdomen

six legs

orthropoda

hexapoda

arthropoda

5 PART SYMEMTERY

water vascular system

enclosed by caco3 plates or ossles

use vascular system for movement and feeding

move with tube feet

intake water thru madreopite and move it thru ampullea to move tube feet

=spiny skin

asteroideans

extend stomach to feed=external digestion

feed on bivlaves by squeezing in

extentions of stomach called pyloric cecea found on each arm

ophiuroideans

echinodermata

deutersomes

round body, looong arms

segmented arms

respire thru bursal slits on underbody

gonad slit exsit here too

splitting and branching of the arms

ophiuriodeans

echinodermata

deutersomes

polycheate looking, BUT no segments

peanut(sipiucla) looking, BUT no butthole

end have 5 part symetry

spiny highly reduced --> osselces (inside)

clear on slide, like glass

tube feet for filter or deposit feeding

echinodeans

echinodermata

deutersomes

chew with aristoles lantern

5 part symetery on tests

sand dollars: filter feed with tube feet, and move with reduced spines, chew with lanterns

urchins: move with tubefeet, chew with lantern, spines with rpotection

feather star...no speciman

sea lillies  . stalked fossils

white feathery spaghetti looking

planktonic

free swimming

jellie looking, transparent

big spot looks like a stomach

have a pair of palps for tactile assesment of food coming in

night feeders

urochordates

chordata

deutersomes

sessile urochordates

filter feed with pharangyl slits and use an incurrent and outcurrent syphon

sea squirts look fre floating

most have obvious attachment place

larva loses notochord once it becomes sessile

hemichordata

chordata

deutersomes

ecginoderms and chordate affinites

segemented muslces, slitted

small billed fish

sand dewlling filter feeder

cephlachordata

chordata

deutersomes