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| The upper (superior) part of the pharynx is the _______________________. |
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| At sea level, the PO2 of alveolar air is about ________ mmHg. |
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Which of the following is true ________________?
(A) Your glottis is normally open when you swallow.
(B) Only a small percentage of inhaled air reaches your alveoli
(C) Air is supplied to each lung by primary bronchi.
(D) Alveolar macrophages are also called pneumocyte I cells. |
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Definition
| Air is supplied to each lung by primary bronchi. |
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Which of the following is most closely associated with Henry’s law?
(A) deglutition
(B) volume
(C) mastication
(D) altitude |
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| Surfactant secreting cells are called ______________cells. |
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| The cricoid cartilage is part of the __________________. |
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| This structure has c-shaped cartilages, and extends between the larynx and the primary bronchi. It is the _________________. |
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Which sequence of events best describe what causes inhalation (inspiration) during eupnea?
(A)Relaxation of diaphragm and external intercostals, and an increase in intrapulmonary pressure.
(B)Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostals, and a decrease in intrapulmonary pressure.
(C)Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostals, and an increase in intrapulmonary pressure.
(D)Relaxation of diaphragm and intercostals, and a decrease in intrapulmonary pressure. |
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Definition
| Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostals, and a decrease in intrapulmonary pressure pressure. |
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| If the tidal volume is 500 mL, about _____________ mL of air reaches the alveoli |
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| Anatomic dead space (air) _______________________. |
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Definition
| does not participate in gas exchange |
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| This lung has three secondary bronchi. |
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Which of the following happens in the tissues?
(A)70% of CO2 is converted to cabamonohemoglobin.
(B)Bicarbonate enters the plasma in exchange for chloride ions.
(C)Bicarbonate enters the RBCs in exchange for chloride ions.
(D)70% CO2 dissolves in the plasma
(E)none of the above |
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Definition
| Bicarbonate enters the plasma in exchange for chloride ions. |
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Which of the following chemicals has the strongest effect on the respiratory rate?
(A) O2
(B) CO2
(C) N2
(D) hemoglobin
(E) none of the above |
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| Each lung lobe receives air from a (an) _______________. |
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| A substance called _____________ keeps the alveoli from collapsing. |
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| Where does chemical digestion begin? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. The chief cells of the stomach secrete pepsinogen. |
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| True or False. Exhalation (expiration) during resting breathing is aided by elastic recoil of lung tissue. |
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Pepsinogen is secreted by the gastric glands because
(A)mucus is in the gland.
(B)amylase would digest the gland.
(C)pepsin and carbonic acid would digest the stomach lining
(D)pepsin and hydrochloric acid would digest the stomach lining |
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Definition
| (C) pepsin and hydrochloric acid would digest the stomach lining |
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| HbO2 is the symbol for _________________________. |
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Which of the following is correct?
(A)Alveolar PCO2 is about 45 mmHg
(B)Alveolar PCO2 is about 40 mmHg
(C)Oxygenated blood PO2 is about 40 mmHg
(D)Most oxygen is transported in the plasma.
(E)none of the above |
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Definition
| (B)Alveolar PCO2 is about 40 mmHg |
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Which of the following is the site of most digestion and absorption?
(A) esophagus
(B) stomach
(C) small intestine
(D) large intestine |
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Definition
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| Goblet cells secrete _______________. |
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| Pancreatic juices contain enzymes for protein, starch and _______ digestion. |
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| Bile is made (synthesized) in the ____________. |
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Bile ____________________________________.
(A)digests fat
(B)emulsifies fat
(C)aid in fat absorption
(D)more than one of the above
(E)none of the above |
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Definition
| (D)more than one of the above |
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Which of the following is not a liver function?
(A) phagocytosis
(B) protein digestion
(C) detoxification
(D) elimination of wastes |
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Definition
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Which of the following is an intestinal brush-border enzyme?
(A) amylase
(B) maltase
(C) lipase
(D) pepsin |
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Definition
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Which of the following is/are not part of the small intestine?
(A) villi
(B) cecum
(C) jejunum
(D) ileum
(E) none of the above |
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Definition
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Lacteals are _____________________________________.
(A) blood capillaries in villi
(B) in gastric pits
(C) lymph capillaries in villi
(D) the same as dust cells
(E) none of the above |
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Definition
| (C) lymph capillaries in villi |
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Term
| The largest liver lobe is the ____________lobe. |
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Definition
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| The part of the medulla oblongata that controls the basic rhythm of respiration during eupnea is the _______________________. |
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Definition
| dorsal respiratory group (DRG) |
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| The products of maltase-catalyzed digestion are glucose and _________________. |
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Definition
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| An appropriate PO2 for venous (deoxygenated) blood would be ______ mmHg. |
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Definition
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Term
| Microvilli are ___________________. |
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Definition
| small brush-like folds on small intestine cells |
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Term
High PO2 is the main factor that favors loading of O2 in the lungs. Other
factors are a lower temperature and a _________________. |
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Definition
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The law that states that the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid, such as the blood, is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas, the solubility of that gas;is and inversely proportional to the temperature of the liquid is
________________________ law. Think carbonated beverage. |
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Definition
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| The amount of air that can be inhaled in addition to the tidal volume is the _______. |
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Definition
| inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) |
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| What is the technical name for swallowing? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. Bacteria in the colon make some of our vitamins. |
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Definition
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| True or False. Hemoglobin has unloaded 90% of its oxygen at a PO2 of 60 mmHg. |
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Definition
| false (has unloaded only about 10%) |
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| True or False. Amylase works best at a pH of 2. |
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Definition
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| At a given temperature, as the volume increases the pressure of a gas decreases and as the volume decreases, the pressure of the gas increases. This is a statement of ____________. |
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Definition
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| What will bind to the iron of hemoglobin to the exclusion of (instead of) oxygen? It will replace oxygen, and it is poisonous. |
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| Eating is called __________________. |
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| hard to breathe lying down |
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