Kingdom: Protista/Protozoa

Includes: flagellates and amoebas

Characteristics:

• unicellular or colonial protozoa
• locomtion by flagella or pseudopodia or both
• single type of nucleus (homokaryotic)

Sub Kingdom:Protista/protozoa

Includes: ciliates

Characteristics:

• locomotion and feeding currents by cilia
• distinct cytosome (cell mouth)
• single type of nucleus (homokaryotic)

Sub Kingdom:Protista

Includes: malaria and coccidia

Characteristics:

• apical complex (secretory organelles that are used to invade host cell)
• all are parasitic

Sub Kingdom: Parazoa

Includes: sponges

Characteristics:

• multicellular
• lack nervous system,sense organs and discrete muscular sys.
• sedentary filter feeders.

Characteristics:

• Multicellular
• equipped with sense organs, nervous sys, and in most phyla a discrete muscular sys.
• principle aperture (mouth) is inhalant

Subkingdom: Eumetazoa

Characteristics: radially symmetrical animals

Subkingdom: eumetazoa

Includes: anenomes and jellyfish

Characteristics:

• Diploblastic body wall
• radially symmetrical
• nervous system as a nerve net
• Adults exibit: muscular activity, nematocysts for protection/food capture
• Body constructed as a polyp or medusa

Subkingdom: Eumetazoa

Includes:comb jellies

Characteristics:

• Basic construction but lacks nematocysts
• move by ciliary action
• all marine
• body neither medusa or polyp

Characteristics:

animals in which the blastopore develops into the mouth

Subkingdom: Eumetazoa

Includes: flatworms

Characteristics:

• triploblastic
• bilateral symmetry
• no blood
• gut is blind endind and not surrounded by a fluid filled perivesceral(coelomic) cavity.
• Excretory sys. of protonephridia

Subkingdom: Eumetazoa

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Includes: planarians

Characteristics:

• all are parasitic
• flat body
• oral suckers
• produce large numbers of offspring

Subkingdom: Eumetazoa

Phylum: Platyhelminthes

Inlcudes: tapeworms

Characteristics:

• small anterior hooked attachment organ (scolex)
• Division of body into segments
• absence of digestive tract

Nematoda aka.Nemathelminthes

(phylum)

Subkingdom:Eumetazoa

Includes:hookworm

Characteristics:

• triploblastic
• no segmentation
• bilateral symmetry
• moves in S motion

Subkingdom: Eumetazoa

includes: earthworms, leeches

Characteristics:

• possess true coelom around gut
• metamerically segmented body wall
• straight gut with terminal anus
• special sense organs present

Subkingdom: Eumetazoa

Includes: snails, slugs, clams, squid, octopus etc.

Characteristics:

• distinct head
• muscular foot
• dorsal viscerous mass often protected by a calcareous shell
• little evidence of segmentation of body

Subkingdom:eumetazoa

Includes: insects, spiders etc

Characteristics:

• jointed appendiges
• exoskeleton of chitin
• head, thorax, abdomen
• striated muscles
• most of body cavity a hemocel
• triploblastic and metameric

Sub Kingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: Arthropoda

Includes: bees, butterflies, beetles

Characteristics:

• distinct head, thorax and abdomen
• 3 pairs of jointed legs
• head with 6 segments
• thorax with 2prs of wings
• usually oviparous
• pair of antennae

SubKingdom: eumetazoa

Includes: echinoderms and chordates

Characteristics:

• during gastrulation, the anus forms first then the mouth

Echinodermata (Phylum)

SubKingdom: Eumetazoa

Includes: star fish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

Characteristics:

• no metameric segmentation when adults
• adult body radiate or globular
• no head
• exoskeleton
• no blood
• water vascular system
• appendages are tube feet

SubKingdom: eumetazoa

Includes:acorn worms

Characteristics:

• stomochord
• brachial openings that open into the pharynx
• "half chordate"-share some characteristics with chordates

Chordata (phylum)

Sub Kingdom: eumetazoa

Includes: vertebrates and cephalochordata

Characteristics:

• bilaterally symmetrical
• head, trunk and post anal regions
• primitively possess a notochord but is replaced by a backbone in higher forms
• CNS dorsal and tubular

Subkingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: Chordata

Characteristics:see diag

SubKingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: chordata

Includes: sea squirts

Sub Kingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: Chordata

Characteristics:

SubKingdom: eumetazoa

Includes: Hagfish, lamphreys

Characterisitcs:

• eel shaped body
• cartilaginous skeleton
• no paired fins
• no stomach

SubKingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: vertebrata

Includes: sharks

Characteristics:

• cartilaginous endoskeleton
• exposed gill slits
• high concentrations of urea in blood
• skin with placoid scales

Subkingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: Chordata

SubPhylum: vertebrata

Super Class: osteichthyes

Inlcudes: bony fish

Characteristics:

• bony skeleton with endochronal origin
• swim bladder
• paired fins
• gills covered by operculum

SubKingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: chordata

Sub Phylum: vertebrata

SuperClass: Osteichthyes

Class:actinopterygii

Includes: Ray finned fishes

Characteristics:

• bony skeleton
• paired and median fins supported by long dermal rays

Sub Kingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: chordata

Sub Phylum: vertebrata

Super class: Osteichthyes

Class:Sarcopterygii

Includes: lobe finned fish

Characteristics:

• bony skeleton
• paired and medial fins with a single basal skeletal element and short dermal rays, muscles in fins present.

Sub Kingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: Chordata

Sub Phylum: Vertebrata

Super Class: Tetrapoda

Includes: Four legged animals

Characteristics:

• four legged animals

Sub Kingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: chordata

Sub phylum: vertebrata

Super class: tetrapoda

class: amphibia

Includes: frogs

Characteristics:

• cold blooded (ectothermic)
• breathe through skin which is moist
• lay membranous eggs that are soft

SubKingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: chordata

SubPhylum: vertebrata

SuperClass: tetrapoda

Class: Amphibia

Order: anura

Sub Kingdom: eumetazoa

Phylum: chordata

subphylum: vertebrata

superclass: tetrapoda

class: amphibia

Order: caudata

Characteristics:

• eggs contain amnion, chorion, and allantois
• These protect and nourish the developing embryo

Includes: birds, mammals and reptiles

Characteristics: Amniotes that have a skull with two temporal openings.

Includes snakes and lizards.

Characteristics:

• skin of keratinised epidermal scales or plates, which are shed
• quadrate moveable
• skull kinetic
• paired copulatory organs
• vertebra usually concave in front

Inlcudes snakes and lizards.

Characteristics:

• feathers
• beak

Characteristics:

• lateral temporal fenestra

Includes mammals and their extinc relatives

Characteristics:

• endothermic
• mammaries
• hair
• soft palate
• highly developed teeth

Characteristics:

• egg laying mammals
• produce milk but have no nipple
• cloaca present

Characteristics:

• marsupium (pouch) present
• young attached to nipple for extended period of lactation

Characteristics:

• large pair of incisors on lower jaw
• syndactyly in hind limbs (second and third digits are completely fused together except for claw)

Characteristics:

• placental mammals

• Chorioallantoic placenta

Characteristics:

Carnivora (order)

Characteristics:

• feed mainly on herbivores

Characteristics:

• includes ruminants (animals with a rumen) eg, cattle, sheep, deer, giraffes

Characteristics: odd toed ungulates

Includes: horses, zebras, rhinos

Characteristics:

• large cerebral cortex
• arboreal
• five digits
• large eyes, binocular vision, grasping hands