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Definition
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Term
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Definition
• The way an organism reacts with other organisms and its environment
-All the actions it performs
-Obtain food, Avoid predators, find a mate, etc.
-Most behaviours help an animal survive or reproduce
• driven by stimulus and response pairs |
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Definition
• Response - Organism's reaction to a stimulus
-EX: herring gulls have a red spot - when babies tap on it (stimulus) it regurgitates food (response)
-EX: babies - cry (stimulus) and adult goes to them (response) |
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Term
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Definition
• Def: Behavior that an organism is born with
• Inherited - doesn't have to be learned
• Innate behaviour patterns begin as soon as animal responds to stimulus
• Animals w/ short life spans - mostly have innate behaviour
• EX: Orb Weaver (spider)
-Know how to weave a web from birth
• EX: Birds
-Know what to do if an egg rolls out of a nest, they will get up & roll it back in |
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Definition
-An automatic response that does not involve a message from the brain
-EX: righting reflex - cat lands on their feet
-EX: sneezing, shivering, pulling your hand away from a hot stove, blinking when something is thrown at you
-Reflex message passes almost instantly from a sense organ along the nerve to the spinal cord & back to the muscles
-Not the result of conscious thinking |
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Term
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Definition
- A complex pattern of innate behaviour that begins as soon as the animal recognizes stimulus and continues until their goal is acheived
-Requires conscious thought, but don't require learning
-Begins as soon as the animal recognizes some sort of stimulus
- Goes all the way through until they get what they need
○ Instincts can take weeks to complete
○ EX: when baby birds are hungry, they will continue to call until they get the food
○ EX: male paradise bird - puffs up and dances
○ EX: grouse bird chicks - when they are very young, they can’t fly - when anything flies overhead, they think it is a predator and freeze - older chicks will know the difference between a hawk and a leaf, so they will only freeze when they see a hawk |
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Definition
• Behaviour that develops over an organism's lifetime
• Learning is the result of experience or practice
• Especially important for animals w/ a long life span
• Learning to modify instincts
- 5 different kinds:
- Trial & error
- Imprinting
- Conditioning
- Insight
- Imitative learning |
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Definition
- when an organism forms a social attachment to another organism within a specific time period after birth or hatching
- Happens immediately after they are born
- Konrad Lorenz - Austrian Naturalist - discovered this
- Used geese - man was the first thing they saw
- Thought he was their parent - followed him everywhere |
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Definition
- Behaviour that is modified by experience
□ EX: humans learning how to tie shoes
□ Baby birds learn how to find food
- First - will peck everywhere
- Learn when older that it is better to peck under logs
□ Rats in a maze
- Start with a column w/ food at the end - don't instinctively know to go through it
- eventually learn how to get through more complicated ones |
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Definition
- When behaviour is modified so that a response to one stimulus becomes associated with a response to a different stimulus
- 2 different kinds
□ Introducing a new stimulus before the usual stimulus
- EX: Pavlov dog - Ivan P. Pavlov = Russian psychologist
◊ when a dog is given food (stimulus), it starts salivating (response)
◊ Then, a dog is given food (stimulus 1) and a bell is rung (stimulus 2), and the dog salivates (response)
◊ When a bell is rung (stimulus 2), the dog starts salivating |
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