Term
| What is the anesthetic machine? |
|
Definition
| A piece of equipment employed when inhalational anesthesia is performed |
|
|
Term
| What are the essential functions of an anesthetic machine? |
|
Definition
| Deliver inhalational anesthetics (anesthetic gases) safely and accurately; Deliver O2; Allow elimination of expired CO2 from breathing system; Provide a means for controlled ventilation |
|
|
Term
| What are the essential parts of an anesthetic machine? |
|
Definition
| Carrier gas source/inlet (hanger yoke/pipeline); Pressure regulator; Flow meter; O2 flush valve (emergency O2 control); Vaporizer mounting bracket; Common gas outlet |
|
|
Term
| What are the optional/additional parts of an anesthetic machine? |
|
Definition
| Check valves; Low oxygen alarm; Overpressure valves; Emergency air-intake valves; Nitrous Oxide cut-out devices |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of a check valve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What pressure is delivered to the anesthetic machine once the gas passes through the pressure regulator? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pipeline connected to? |
|
Definition
| Larger cylinders stored in gas central supply room |
|
|
Term
| What is a hanger yoke? Do all anesthetic machines have one? |
|
Definition
| Gas-specific mounting bracket; No |
|
|
Term
| Which part of the flow meter bob should be read if it is spherical? Cylindrical? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the flow level of the O2 flush valve, and what does it bypass? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the O2 flush valve used for? |
|
Definition
| Flush anesthetic out of breathing systems |
|
|
Term
| The O2 flush valve should be avoided when _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What attaches to the common gas outlet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the common gas outlet? |
|
Definition
| Lets out the mixture of carrier & anesthetic gas at the preset concentration |
|
|
Term
| What is the final exit point of carrier gas & inhalational anesthetic mixture from the machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VIC is positioned _____ to CGO; VOC is positioned _____ to CGO. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do carrier gases do? |
|
Definition
| Dilute the anesthetic gas in the vaporizer to a safe []; provide a way to physically deliver the volatile agent to the pt |
|
|
Term
| Carrier gases must be approved for _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oxygen (100% O2); O2 + N2O mix (Entonox); Medical Air |
|
|
Term
| Environmental air has ____% N and ____% O2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| N2O is never given without _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A carrier gas; purified, dehumidified environmental air; usually mixed w/ O2; approved for medical use |
|
|
Term
| What is the [O2] of medical air compared to room air? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phases are contained in N2O cylinders? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The N2O cylinder gauge does not indicate _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ to know N2O volume left in the cylinder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O2 is a _____ under pressure. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O2 cylinders contain _____ phase(s). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O2 cylinder gauge indicates _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the location of a size E cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the location of a size G cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the location of a size H cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the N2O psig of a size E cylinder? G? H? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pounds per square inch gauge |
|
|
Term
| What is the rank of size for the 3 cylinders? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the N2O volume of an E cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the N2O volume of a G cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the N2O volume of an H cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the O2 volume of an E cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the O2 volume of an H cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the O2 psig of an E cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the O2 psig of an H cylinder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where can the pipelines be located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of anesthetic machine safety features? |
|
Definition
| Avoid accidental delivery of the wrong gas; Avoid pressure excess/fluctuations |
|
|
Term
| Name the safety features that avoid accidental delivery of the wrong gas & where they are located. |
|
Definition
Color coding & labeling (cylinders/pipelines)
PISS (cylinder/hanger yoke)
NIST (pipeline)
DISS & Quick connect (pipeline) |
|
|
Term
| Name the safety feature(s) that avoid(s) pressure excess/fluctuations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which safety feature prevents the wrong cylinder from being hung on the wrong HY? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the US, what gas is represented by green? Blue? Yellow? Grey? |
|
Definition
Green: O2
Blue: N2O
Yellow: Air
Grey: CO2 |
|
|
Term
| In the UK, what gas is represented by black body/white shoulders? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is labeled on the cylinder & pipelines? |
|
Definition
| Content, Pressure, Warnings, Owner, Date |
|
|
Term
| PISS is primarily for _____ cylinders. |
|
Definition
| Small (e.g. E) on anes. machine |
|
|
Term
| What are some cylinder safety precautions? |
|
Definition
Don't drop or expose to heat (explosive)
Store & secure upright
Never lubricate or use grease or oil
No access to unauthorized persons
Store in clean, dry, well-ventilated area
"No naked flames" & "No Smoking" signs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No; they support combustion |
|
|
Term
| High pressure system is from _____ to _____. |
|
Definition
| Cylinder (2000psi) to Pressure regulator (50psi) |
|
|
Term
| Intermediate pressure system is from _____ to _____. |
|
Definition
| Pressure regulator (50psi) to Flowmeter |
|
|
Term
| Low pressure system is from _____ to _____. |
|
Definition
| Downstream of flowmeter needle to CGO |
|
|
Term
| What is the pressure of the low pressure system/circuit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pressure regulators in the large cylinder bank & inside the anesthetic machine are part of the _____ pressure circuit. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a vaporizer do? |
|
Definition
| Allows controlled evaporation of liquid anesthetic; Allows dilution of the anesthetic vapor in a carrier gas; Allows delivery of a range of [vapor]s |
|
|
Term
| What are the key parts of the vaporizer? |
|
Definition
| Filling port, Sight glass, Dial or control knob, Bypass channel, Vaporization chamber |
|
|
Term
| A plenum vaporizer is _____ resistance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some bases for vaporization classification? |
|
Definition
Location (VIC/VOC)
R to carrier g flow (high/low)
g flows through (plenum/draw-over)
precision (y/n)
T compensation (y/n)
agent specificity (y/n) |
|
|
Term
| Modern anesthetic machines have _____ vaporizers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of Calibrated/Precision Vaporizers: |
|
Definition
| Efficient & accurate; T compensation; Plenum gas flow; High R to flow (VOC); Agent-specific; Safety key filler |
|
|
Term
| On a vaporizer, yellow represents _____ and purple represents _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of a key filler? |
|
Definition
| Avoids accidental filling w/ the wrong agent |
|
|
Term
| Precision vaporizer use (4 steps) |
|
Definition
| Check level of liquid anesthetic, Check filling port is closed, Check dial turns easily, Check if properly mounted |
|
|
Term
| 4 precautions for precision vaporizer use: |
|
Definition
| Never tip on side; Turn off after use; Turn off if refilling while in use; Remember to turn back on |
|
|
Term
| What affects vaporizer performance? |
|
Definition
| Extremes of T; FGF; Barometric P; Filling level; Mvmt/tilting; Thymol preservative |
|
|
Term
| _____ vaporizers perform better than _____ over a range of flows |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thymol preservative is used with _____ only. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In VSL, when is the low O2 alarm triggered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For SA, many practices use _____ anesthesia equipment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Specifically designed vet anesthesia equipment is available for _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Custom-built SA machines are suitable for: |
|
Definition
| Companion animals, sheep, goats, birds, smaller pigs |
|
|
Term
| Custom-built SA machines often lack _____. |
|
Definition
| Safety features of human machines |
|
|
Term
| Custom-built LA machines usually have _____ & _____ specially attached. |
|
Definition
| Circle breathing systems; Ventilators |
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of machines w/ in-circuit vaporizers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The oxygen cylinder has a gas pressure of up to _____ d/o size. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What specific parts are included in the high pressure circuit? |
|
Definition
| Cylinder P gauge, Pipeline to P regulator, Cylinder P regulators, HY (including filter & unidirectional or check valve), yoke block |
|
|
Term
| What specific parts are included in the intermediate pressure circuit? |
|
Definition
| pipeline inlets & P gauges, ventilator power inlet, O2 P-failure device (fail-safe) & alarm, flowmeter valves, O2 & N2O 2nd-stage regulators, O2 flush valve |
|
|
Term
| What specific parts are included in the low pressure circuit? |
|
Definition
| Valves, flowmeter glass tube, vaporizers, check valves, CGO |
|
|
Term
| What is 50-55 psi in kPa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ are always present on machines carrying 2 or more gases. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can you see check valves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What indicates that a check valve is missing or absent? |
|
Definition
| A hissing sound at the yoke |
|
|
Term
| What is the lowest ration of N2O to O2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can occur with accidental delivery of N2O w/o O2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the last gas to flow into the flowmeter manifold? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O2 flowmeter should be located to the ____ of all other flowmeters. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are anesthetic gases? |
|
Definition
| Substances in a gaseous state at room T & atmospheric P w/ gen anesthetic properties |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of an anesthetic gas. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an inhalation anesthetic? Give 3 examples. |
|
Definition
| Liquid at room T & atmospheric P w/ general anesthetic properties; Extremely volatile; Quickly evaporate & pass to gas state (vapor) when in contact w/ atmosphere; Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, Halothane |
|
|
Term
| What N2O concentration must be delivered to appreciate its anesthetic & analgesic properties? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the bonded seal of pin index cylinders? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the isoflurane vapor concentration at room T? What is the MAC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which are the internal features of a vaporizer? |
|
Definition
| Bypass channel & vaporization chamber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When using closed circle systems, carrier gas flow greater than or equal to ____ is recommended. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With precision vaporizers, does IPPV alter output? |
|
Definition
|
|
