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Ancient World History
Chapters 22- 28
70
History
11th Grade
02/19/2009

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Term
Someone of pure Spanish ancestry born in the colonies.
Definition
Creole
Term
In Spain's colonies, someone who had been born in Spain.
Definition
Peninsular
Term
Spanish colonial governor.
Definition
Viceroy
Term
Members of a Catholic order, dating from the 16th century that specialized in education and missionary work in dangerous places.
Definition
Jesuits
Term
British colony in Africa for ex-slaves.
Definition
Sierra Leone
Term
Spanish conqueror of the Aztecs.
Definition
Cortes
Term
Part Spanish, part Native American.
Definition
Mestizo
Term
Temples built by Pacific Islanders; heian.
Definition
Marae
Term
Theory that supported the absolutism of Louis XIV.
Definition
Divine Right of Kings
Term
Polish priest and mathematician who introduced the heliocentric theory.
Definition
Copernicus
Term
In Canada, someone who is part French, part Native American.
Definition
Meti
Term
Meeting of Charles V and his electors where Luther was declared a heretic and outlaw.
Definition
Diet of Worms
Term
Brazilian sugar mill.
Definition
Engenho
Term
German monk whose 95 Theses set off the Protestant Reformation.
Definition
Martin Luther
Term
Turkish rulers.
Definition
Sultans
Term
Large estates in Latin America.
Definition
Haciendas
Term
Enlightenment writers and thinkers who popularized the discoveries of the scientific revolution.
Definition
Philosophers
Term
Part African, part Native American.
Definition
Zambo
Term
Courts in Spain's' colonies that curbed the viceroys power.
Definition
Audiencias
Term
The 5th part of the new world gold that went to the King of Spain.
Definition
Quinto
Term
Gathering places, especially in Paris homes, where new ideas "Trickled down" as guests and philosophers socialized.
Definition
Salons
Term
Revival of traditional Chinese values during the Ming dynasty.
Definition
Neo-Confucianism
Term
Last Islamic outpost in Spain, taken in 1492 by Ferdinand and Isabel.
Definition
Granada
Term
Leader of the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe.
Definition
Magellan
Term
Mongol emperor of China who welcomed the Polos.
Definition
Khubilai Khan
Term
German mathematician who used Tycho Brahe's observations to determine that the planets move in elliptical orbits.
Definition
Johann Kepler
Term
Florentine ruler and patron of the arts during the Renaissance.
Definition
Horenzo d'Medici
Term
Tudor king who started the Church of England because the Pope would not annul his marriage to his first wife.
Definition
Henry VIII
Term
Part African, part European.
Definition
Mulatto
Term
Muslim judge, such as Ibn Battuta.
Definition
Qadi
Term
Muslim body of law.
Definition
Sharia
Term
English genius who created a synthesis of the ideas of the Scientific Revolution.
Definition
Isaac Newton
Term
Traveling musicians who disseminated the news, ideas, and styles of various cultures through Western Europe.
Definition
Troubadours
Term
Catholic monarchs who completed the reconquista of Spain and sponsered Columbus' voyages.
Definition
Ferdando of Aragon and Isabel of Castile
Term
Stopping places that offered lodging and protection for traveling merchants and their animals (traveled in caravans).
Definition
Caravanserai
Term
Spanish king, the widower of Mary Tudor, who sent the armada against England.
Definition
Philip II
Term
France's "Sun King", who built Versailles to entertain and control his hobbles.
Definition
Louis XIV
Term
Empress of Russia whose need to retain power worked against her progressive reforms.
Definition
Catherine the Great
Term
Poor orphan who rose through the ranks of Chinese rebels to become the first Ming emperor.
Definition
Hong Wu
Term
Portugese royal who promoted exploration, especially along the coast of Africa.
Definition
Prince Henry the Navigator
Term
Roman Catholic missionary in China around 1300.
Definition
John of Montecorvino
Term
Italian mathematician who used the telescope to confirm the heliocentric theory.
Definition
Galileo Galilei
Term
English king who severed ties with the papacy and took over church land.
Definition
Henry VIII
Term
English king who lost the civil war and was beheaded.
Definition
Charles I
Term
Muslim eunuch and admiral of the Ming treasure fleet.
Definition
Zheng He
Term
Spanish ex-soldier who founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits).
Definition
Ignatius Layola
Term
Spanish conqueror of the Incas.
Definition
Pizarro
Term
Muslim dynasty that ruled India.
Definition
Mughals
Term
Shiite empire that ruled Persia and fought against the Ottomans and Portugese.
Definition
Safavids
Term
Foreign dynasty that ruled China from the mid-1600's to the 20th century.
Definition
Qing
Term
Scholars of classical languages and literature, such as the petuarch Thomas More and Pico Della Mirandola.
Definition
Humanists
Term
Christian sect which spread as far as China.
Definition
Nestorians
Term
Elite slave troops in the Ottoman armies.
Definition
Janissaries
Term
Semi-autonomous religious communities within the Ottoman Empire.
Definition
Millets
Term
Author of "Wealth of Nations"; a believer in free trade.
Definition
Adam Smith
Term
Royal family that ruled Russia from 1613-1971.
Definition
Romanovs
Term
Spanish born settlers in the colonies; the elite class.
Definition
Peninsulares
Term
Ruthless central Asian who spared the lives of artisans and told them to enrich his capital, Samarkand.
Definition
Timer the Lane
Term
Spanish long war to drive out the Muslims, early in 1492.
Definition
Reconquista
Term
Moroccan born world travelers who wrote about his trips to Africa, Messa, India, Central Asia, and China in 1300's.
Definition
Ibn Battuta
Term
Persian religion of which Mithraism and Manichaeism were offshoots.
Definition
Zoroastrianism
Term
Leader of the first Portuguese expedition to sail all the way to India.
Definition
Vasco da Gamma
Term
Nestorian priest, Turkish but born in Khanbaliq, who served the Mongol Ilkhan of Persia as an envoy to Europe.
Definition
Rabban Sanma
Term
Second Ming emperor; he sponsored a huge encyclopedia and named expeditions in the Indian Ocean.
Definition
Yongle
Term
Leader of the Protestant community in Geneva who influenced Protestants in Scotland, England, the Netherlands, France, and Hungary.
Definition
John Calvin
Term
Holy Roman Emperor King of Span and its new empire; nephew of Catherine of Aragon
Definition
Charles V
Term
Portuguese captain who first rounded the Cape of Good Hope.
Definition
Bartholomew Dias
Term
French playwright who satirized intolerance.
Definition
Voltaier
Term
Polish astronomer whose thoughts on the revolutions of the heavenly spheres contradicted the geocentric theory
Definition
Nicolous Copernicus
Term
English genius who explained the mechanical laws of the universe, especially gravitation.
Definition
Isaac Newton
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