Term
| What does the respiratory remove from blood stream? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the respiratory system add to the blood stream? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the respiratory system aid sound production and vocalization? |
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Definition
| Expired air passes over the vocal cords. |
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Term
| How does the respiratory system keep air passages clear? |
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Definition
| Enables coughing and sneezing. |
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Term
| What are two balances the respiratory system controls? |
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Definition
| Acid-base balance and blood pH |
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Term
| Define Pulmonary ventilation. |
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Definition
| Movement of air into the lungs (inspiration) and movement of air out of lungs (expiration) |
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Term
| Define external respiration |
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Definition
| Movement of oxygen from lungs to the blood and movement of carbon dioxide from blood to lungs |
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Term
| Transport of respiratory gases |
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Definition
| Transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and transport of carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs |
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Term
| Define internal respiration |
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Definition
| Movement of oxygen from blood to the tissue cells and movement of carbon dioxide from tissue cells to blood |
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Term
| Nose relation to respiration |
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Definition
| Provides and airway for respiration |
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Term
| The nose does this to entering air |
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Definition
| Warms and moistens it also filters and cleans it |
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Term
| How does the nose help speech? |
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Definition
| Provides a resonating chamber for speech |
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Term
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Definition
| detects odor in airstream |
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Term
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Definition
| Stiff hairs that filter large particles from the air |
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Term
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Definition
| Hair like projections that propel trapped particles for digestion by digestive enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| rich supply of capillaries warm the air |
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Term
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Definition
| Folds in the mucous membrane increases air turbelance and ensures that most air comes into contace with the mucous membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| mucous membranes that contain nose receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium containing goblet cells that secrete mucus |
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Term
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Definition
| of, relating to, or being an epithelium consisting of closely packed cells which appear to be arranged in layers but all of which are in fact attached to the basement membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Stickiness traps inhaled particles and Lysozyme kills bacteria |
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Term
| Lymphocytes and IgA antibodies |
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Definition
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Term
| Three regions of the pharynx |
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Definition
| Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Laryngopharynx |
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Term
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Definition
| air passage (pseudostratified columnar epithelium) |
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Term
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Definition
| passageway for air, food, and drink (stratified squamous epithelium) |
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Term
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Definition
| passageway for air, food, and drink (stratified squamous epithelium) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Keeps food and drink out of airway |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Acts as a sphincter during abdominal straining (ex. During defecation and heavy lifting) |
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Term
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Definition
| of hyaline cartilage form the framework of the larynx |
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Term
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Definition
| aid in voice production and the swallowing reflex |
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Term
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Definition
| the superior opening of the larynx |
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Term
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Definition
| Prevents food and drink from entering the airway when swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
| aid in closing glottis when swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
| produce sound when air passes between them |
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Term
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Definition
| windpipe cleans warms, and moistens incoming air |
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Term
| rings of hyaline cartilage |
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Definition
| Reinforce the trachea and keep it from collapsing when you inhale |
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Term
| Ciliated pseudostratified epithelium |
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Definition
| traps inhaled debris and propels mucus up to the pharynx where it is swallowed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Left and right primary bronchi |
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Definition
| branch off from trachea Once the left and right primary bronchi enter the lungs they are subdivided into smaller tubes |
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Term
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Definition
| first subdivision of the primary bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| allow for difusion of gases (simple squamous epithelia) |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete surfactant (simple cuboidal epithelia) |
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Term
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Definition
| alveolar macrophages (leukocytes) |
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Term
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Definition
| aid in resistance to air flow |
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Term
| Elastic connective tissue fibers |
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Definition
| aid in expelling air from the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Divided into 2 lobes,Smaller than the right lung because the cardiac notch accomodates the heart |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when lungs are diseased |
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Definition
| Serous membranes cover the entire surface of the lungs and produce pleural fluid which enables the lungs to expand and contract with minimal friction |
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Term
| Two phases of pulmonary ventilation |
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Definition
| involves diaphragm, Intercostal muscles, Pectoralis minor mucscle and the gas laws. |
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Term
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Definition
| Airflow is governed by basic pressure, flow, and resistance principles Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the air is the force that moves air into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| at constant temperature, the pressure of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional to its volume |
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Term
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Definition
| the volume of a given quantity of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature As the inhaled air is warmed, it expands and inflates the lungs. |
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Term
| Inspiration, or inhalation |
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Definition
a very active process that requires input of energy Air flows into the lungs when the thoracic pressure falls below atmospheric pressure.
The diaphragm moves downward and flattens, when stimulated by phrenic nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| intercostals muscles and thoracic muscles can be stimulated to contract and expand the thoracic cavity. |
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Term
| Expiration, or exhalation |
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Definition
| a passive process that takes advantage of the recoil properties of elastic fibers Air is forced out of the lungs when the thoracic pressure rises above atmospheric pressure. The diaphragm and expiratory muscles relax. The elasticity of the lungs and the thoracic cage allows them to return to their normal size and shape. To exhale more than usual, internal (expiratory) intercostals muscles and other muscles can be stimulated. |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical factors influencing pulmonary ventilation |
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Term
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Definition
| – the ease at which lungs expand. Compliance can be reduced by degenerative lung disease, such as tuberculosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| controlled by smooth muscles |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surfactant reduces the surface tension in the alveoli and keep them from collapsing during expiration. |
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Term
| Neural control of pulmonary ventilation |
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Definition
| Physical factors influencing pulmonary ventilation |
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Term
| Respiratory control centers |
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Definition
found in the pons and the medulla oblongata
Control breathing |
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