Term
| Both the pectoral and pelvic girdles contain what which provides attachment for muscles? |
|
Definition
| A large flat bone located posteriorly |
|
|
Term
| Contrast the motions of the upper and lower limb. |
|
Definition
| The upper limbs are completely independent of one another. The movement of one lower limb affects the movement of the other |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between the distal two bones of the UL and LL. |
|
Definition
| The bones of the ante brachium both articulate with the elbow. The fibula in LL does not articulate with the femur |
|
|
Term
| What can the radius and ulna do that the tibia and fibula cannot? |
|
Definition
| Supinate and pronate. Tibia and fibula are stuck in pronation |
|
|
Term
| The glenohumeral joint moves around how many axes? What other functions does it allow the arm to do? |
|
Definition
| 3 axes (most movement of any joint in the body). abduction, adduction, extension, flexion, internal and external rotation, and circumduction |
|
|
Term
| What functions occur at the elbow joint? |
|
Definition
| Flexion, extension, and bc the wrist articulates with the radius: supination and pronation |
|
|
Term
| What functions occur at the wrist joint? |
|
Definition
| abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and circumduction |
|
|
Term
| What innervates the UL? What is this formed by? |
|
Definition
| The brachial plexus. Formed by the anterior rami of C5-T1 |
|
|
Term
| Name the dermatomes of the UL. |
|
Definition
C5= upper lateral arm
C6=pad of the thumb
C7= pad of the index finger
C8= pad of the little finger
T1=medial aspect of elbow |
|
|
Term
| Name the joint movement myotomes of the UL |
|
Definition
C5= abduction of humerus
C6=flexion of humerus
C7=extension of humerus
C8= flexion of fingers
T1- ab/adduction of index, middle, ring fingers |
|
|
Term
| Name the tendon reflexes of the biceps tendon, triceps tendon, and diaphragm innervation |
|
Definition
Biceps=C5
Triceps=C6
Diaphragm= C3-C5 |
|
|
Term
| Which two nerves can be compressed by a fracture to the axillary neck of the humerus? |
|
Definition
| Radial and axillary nerves because they wrap posteriorly behind the humerus |
|
|
Term
| Name the intrinsic muscles and innervation from the brachial plexus |
|
Definition
Anterior compartment of the arm= (musculotaneous) C5-C7
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm= (median)C6-C8, T1
Intrinsic muscles of the hand= (ulnar) C7-C8, T1
Muscles of posterior compartment= (radial) C5-C8, T1 |
|
|
Term
| Skin on the anterolateral side of the forearm is innervated by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The palmar surface of the later 3 1/2 digits is innervated by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Palmar surface of the medial 1 1/2 digits is innervated by what? |
|
Definition
| ulnar nerve (C(7)-C8, T1) |
|
|
Term
| Skin on the posterior surface of the forearm and the dorsolateral surface of the hand is innervated by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Explain how the axillary nerve is oriented related to the humerus |
|
Definition
| it passes around the posterior surgical neck of the upper humerus |
|
|
Term
| Explain how the radial nerve is oriented in relation to the humerus |
|
Definition
| Passes around the posterior surface of the middle of the humerus in the radial groove |
|
|
Term
| Explain how the ulnar nerve is oriented in relation to the humerus |
|
Definition
| Passes posteriorly to the medial epicondyle |
|
|
Term
| What is the only bony attachment between the trunk and the UL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The medial end of the clavicle articulates with what? |
|
Definition
| The sternum. Sternoclavicular joint |
|
|
Term
| The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with what? |
|
Definition
| The acromion process of the scapula. acromioclavicular joint. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 ligaments associated with the sternoclavicular joint? |
|
Definition
| interclavicular lig, anterior and posterior sternoclavicular lig, and costoclavicular lig |
|
|
Term
| What are the two ligaments of the acromiocalvicular |
|
Definition
| acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular |
|
|
Term
| What deepens the glenoid cavity of the glenohumeral joint? |
|
Definition
| glenoid labrum (fibrocartilaginous collar) |
|
|
Term
| Where is the synovial membrane of the glenohumeral joint located? |
|
Definition
| inferior, it protrudes between tendons of muscles |
|
|
Term
| What are the three ligaments of the glenohumeral joint? |
|
Definition
| Glenohumeral lig, coracohumeral lig, and transverse humeral ligament |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the transverse humeral ligament? |
|
Definition
| Holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachia in the inter tubercular sulcus |
|
|
Term
| What are the rotator cuff muscles? Where do they supply stability to the glenohumeral joint? |
|
Definition
-supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
-surround the posterior, superior, and anterior part of joint |
|
|
Term
| What three nerves are associated with the glenohumeral joint? |
|
Definition
| suprascapular, axillary, and lateral pectoral |
|
|
Term
| What nerves are associated with the glenohumeral joint? |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior humeral and suprascapular arteries |
|
|
Term
| Which type of dislocation happens most frequently at the glenohumeral joint? Which nerve may be injured with this type of dislocation? |
|
Definition
| -anterior-inferior. axillary nerve may be injured (radial nerve may also be) |
|
|
Term
| What nerve, artery, and veins come through the supra scapular foramen? |
|
Definition
| Suprascapular nerve, artery, and veins |
|
|
Term
| What does the quadrangular space provide passageway for? |
|
Definition
-Nerves and vessels passing between more anterior regions (axilla) and the posterior scapular region
-axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein pass through |
|
|
Term
| What passes through the triangular space? |
|
Definition
| Circumflex scapular artery and vein |
|
|
Term
| What passes through the triangular interval? |
|
Definition
| profunda brachii artery and radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| What nerve innervates the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus? where does it originate? |
|
Definition
| suprascapular nerve, originates in the superior trunk of the brachial plexus |
|
|
Term
| what nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor and carries general sensation from the skin over the inferior part of the deltoid muscle? Where does this nerve originate? |
|
Definition
| axillary nerve, originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus |
|
|
Term
| What artery supplies the supraspinatus and infraspinatus? Where does this artery originate? |
|
Definition
| suprascapular artery, thyrocervical trunk (which is a branch of the subclavian) |
|
|
Term
| what artery originates from the axillary artery and supplies the glenohumeral joint? where does it originate? |
|
Definition
| posterior circumflex artery, originates from the axillary artery |
|
|
Term
| Which three muscles form the lateral part of the anterior wall? |
|
Definition
| pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and subclavius |
|
|
Term
| What forms the axilla lateral wall? |
|
Definition
| THe inter tubercular sulcus of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| What forms the axilla posterior wall? |
|
Definition
| subscapularis, trees major, latissimus dorsi, long head of the triceps |
|
|
Term
| What are the three gateways to the posterior axillary wall? |
|
Definition
-quadrangular space
-triangular space
-triangular interval |
|
|
Term
| Which two muscles are associated with the floor of the axilla? |
|
Definition
| biceps and corachobrachialis |
|
|
Term
| There are two heads of the biceps brachii, the long head and the short head. Where do they each originate? |
|
Definition
Long= supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
short=coracoid process |
|
|
Term
| Which artery supplies the walls axilla? How branches of this artery are there? |
|
Definition
| Axillary, there are three branches |
|
|
Term
| What are the branches of the axillary artery? |
|
Definition
first= superior thoracic artery
second= thoracacromial and lateral thoracic arteries
third= subscapular artery, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries |
|
|
Term
| What is the axillary artery a continuation of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the four parts of the brachial plexus from medial to lateral |
|
Definition
| roots, trunks, divisions, cords |
|
|
Term
| All major nerves that innervated the upper limb originate from the brachial plexus MOSTLY (but not always) from the what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proximal parts of the brachial plexus are _______ to the subclavian artery in the neck |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distal regions of the plexus surround the _______ artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe roots of the brachial plexus are the ______ rami of C__-C___ and T-___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Close to the origin, the roots receive what from the sympathetic trunk? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many trunks are in the brachial plexus? Name what each of them is formed from. |
|
Definition
3= superior, middle, inferior
superior= formed by union of C5 and C6 root
middle= continuation of C7
inferior= formed by union of C8 and T1 |
|
|
Term
| The trunks divide into anterior and posterior divisions. How many of each type of division is there? |
|
Definition
| 3 posterior and 3 anterior |
|
|
Term
| Name what forms each of the three cords |
|
Definition
Lateral cord= anterior divisions from upper and middle trunks contributions, C5-C7
medial= continuation of the anterior division of the inferior trunk c8-T1
posterior= union of all three posterior divisions C5-T1 |
|
|
Term
| What muscle does the subscapular nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscle(s) does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscle(s) does inferior subscpular nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| subscapularis and teres major |
|
|
Term
| What muscle(s) does the axillary nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscle(s) does the radial nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| all muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm and forearm |
|
|
Term
| What often becomes frayed in rotator cuff injuries? |
|
Definition
| the intracapsular part of the long head of the biceps tendon |
|
|
Term
| In fractures of the proximal humerus, where do they most often occur and how do they happen? |
|
Definition
| Surgical neck of the humerus, falls on the hand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Injury to the C5-C6 level of the plexus. Excessive increase in the angle between the neck and the shoulder. Causes problems with the axillary and musculocutaneous nerves |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of an injury to the inferior part of the brachial plexus? What causes this? |
|
Definition
| Klumpe paralysis, excessive pulling of the upper limb superiorly |
|
|
Term
| What are the consequences of a radial nerve injury? |
|
Definition
| Improper deltoid injection or wrist drop |
|
|
Term
| What are some possible consequences of a median nerve injury? |
|
Definition
| Numb palms and fingers, inability to pronate and flex fingers. Compression beneath the flexor retinaculum causes carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What are some possible consequences of an ulnar nerve injury? |
|
Definition
| Inability to adduct/abduct fingers, atrophy of interosseus (clawhand) |
|
|
Term
| What is a possible consequence of a long thoracic nerve injury? |
|
Definition
| Winged scapula: paralysis of serratus--anterior can't abduct above horizontal |
|
|
Term
| In the elbow joint, what does the ulna articulate with? What does the olecranon process of ulna articulate with? What does the radius articulate with? |
|
Definition
-trochlea
-olecranon fossa
-capitulum |
|
|
Term
| The brachial artery is a continuation of what artery? It splits into two arteries, what are they and where do they split? |
|
Definition
| Comes from the axillary artery. Terminates just distal to the elbow and divides into the radius and ulnar arteries |
|
|
Term
| Describe the position of the brachial artery along the arm |
|
Definition
| Starts out on the medial side then crosses laterally to assume position in-between the medial and lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
|
|
Term
| what nerve does the profunda brachia artery run along? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the largest branch of the brachial artery? What compartment of the arm does it supply? |
|
Definition
| The profundi brachii, supplies the posterior compartment of the arm |
|
|
Term
| Which two nerves run along the brachial artery? |
|
Definition
| The median and ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| The musculocutaneous nerves leaves the what and enters the arm by pass through the what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some possible consequences of an injury to the musculocutaneous nerve? |
|
Definition
| Paralysis of the coracobrachialis, biceps, and brachial is. Flexion and supination of forearm weakened. |
|
|
Term
| What are the three articulations of the elbow joint? |
|
Definition
-trochlear notch of ulna and trochlea of humerus
-head of the radius and radial notch of ulna
-head of the radius and capitulum of humerus |
|
|
Term
| What is a major concern with fractures of the distal end of the humerus above the epicondyles? |
|
Definition
| Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm can become ischemic |
|
|
Term
| Transection of either of which two arteries is common when a person forces their hand through a plate glass window? |
|
Definition
| radial and ulnar arteries |
|
|
Term
| Of the radial, median, and ulnar nerve, which pass through the fossa and which do not? |
|
Definition
| Radial and median nerves pass though, ulnar nerve does not |
|
|
Term
| From which vein is blood usually withdrawn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an important factor regarding venipuncture on someone who has had a mastectomy? |
|
Definition
| Never use the arm on the same side as the mastectomy |
|
|
Term
| Most structures pass between the forearm and the hand through the carpal tunnel or anterior to the carpal tunnel, what is the exception? |
|
Definition
| The radial artery passes dorsally |
|
|
Term
| Which muscle compartment of the arm is responsible for pronation of the hand? supination of the hand? |
|
Definition
anterior compartment=pronation
posterior compartment=supination |
|
|
Term
| Movement of the distal end of the radius over the ulna along with rotation of the radius at the elbow facilitates what movement? |
|
Definition
| supination and pronation of the hand |
|
|
Term
| What three structures hold the radius and ulna together? |
|
Definition
-Proximally: anular ligament of radius at radioulnar joint
-Interosseous membrane
-Distally: articular disk at radioulnar joint |
|
|
Term
| What does the median nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| The muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm (except for the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial part of the flexor digitorum profundus) |
|
|
Term
| What does the ulnar nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| Inervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and medial part of the ring and little fingers of the flexor digitorum profundus |
|
|
Term
| What does the radial nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm |
|
|
Term
| Between the distal tendons of which two muscles is the depression of the "anatomical snuff box" |
|
Definition
| extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis |
|
|
Term
| Where are 4 places that an ulnar nerve injury can take place? |
|
Definition
-Posterior to medial epicondyle
-in cubital tunnel
-at wrist
-in hand |
|
|
Term
| Abduction and adduction of the hand is in relation to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the 8 carpals starting with the lateral side of the proximal row and moving medial then jumping to the lateral side of the distal row and finish medial |
|
Definition
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate |
|
|
Term
| Wrist synovial joint is formed by the articulation of which bones? |
|
Definition
| radius, ulna, scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum |
|
|
Term
| What factors permit the increased mobility of the thumb? |
|
Definition
| Absence of transverse metacarpal ligament between the thumb and the index finger. saddle going between metacarpal 1 and the trapezium |
|
|
Term
| What is the thick CT ligament that converts the carpal arch to the carpal tunnel? What are the 9 tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel? What nerve passes through? |
|
Definition
-flexor retinaculum
-4 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
-4 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
-tendon of the flexor pollicis longs
-median nerve |
|
|
Term
| The palmar aponeurosis is a continuation of the tendon of what muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What fine motor movement of the hand and fingers is contributed by the intrinsic muscles of the hand inserting into the extensor hoods? |
|
Definition
| ability to flex the MP joints while at the same time extending the IP joints |
|
|
Term
| What passes through the obturator canal? |
|
Definition
| obturator nerve and obturator vessels |
|
|
Term
| what passes through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle? (7) |
|
Definition
-sciatic nerve
-inferior gluteal N,A,V
-pudendal nerve
-internal pudendal A,V
-posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
-nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior muscles
-nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior muscles |
|
|
Term
| what passes through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what passes through the lesser sciatic foramen? |
|
Definition
-obturator internus muscle tendon
-pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels pass into perineum from gluteal region |
|
|
Term
| what passes through the gap between the inguinal ligament and the anterosuperior margin of the pelvis? (7) |
|
Definition
-psoas major, iliac us, pectinous muscles
-femoral artery
-femoral vein
-lymphatics
-femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
-lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
-femoral nerve |
|
|
Term
| What muscle fills the hole in the greater sciatic foramen, dividing it into a superior and inferior opening? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the femoral artery a continuation of? |
|
Definition
| The external iliac artery |
|
|
Term
| What is the motor function does the Femoral nerve provide? What spinal segments are associated? |
|
Definition
-L2-L4
-all muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh
-in the abdomen, also gives rise to branches that supply the iliacus and pectinous |
|
|
Term
| What sensory function does the femoral nerve supply? |
|
Definition
| -Skin over the anterior thigh, anteromedial knee, medial side of the leg, and medial side of the foot |
|
|
Term
| What motor function does the obturator nerve supply? What spinal segments is it associated with? |
|
Definition
- L2-L4
-all muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh (EXCEPT pectinous and the part of the adductor magnus attached to the ischium)
-obturator externis |
|
|
Term
| What sensory function does the obturator nerve supply? |
|
Definition
| skin over the upper medial aspect of the thigh |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segments is the sciatic nerve associated with? What does it split into? |
|
Definition
-L4-S3
-divides into common fibular and tibial |
|
|
Term
| What motor function is supplied by the sciatic nerve? |
|
Definition
all muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh and part of the adductor magnus attached to the ischium
-all muscles in the leg and foot |
|
|
Term
| What sensory function is supplied by the sciatic nerve? |
|
Definition
skin over the lateral side of the leg and the foot
-skin over the sole and dorsal surface of foot |
|
|
Term
| What foramen does the sciatic nerve leave through? |
|
Definition
| the greater sciatic foramen |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segments are associated with the superior gluteal nerve? What does it leave through? |
|
Definition
-L4-S1
-greater sciatic foramen |
|
|
Term
| What is the motor function supplied by the superior gluteal? |
|
Definition
| -muscles of the gluteus region (gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fasciae latae) |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segments is the inferior gluteal nerve associated with? What foramen does it leave through? What is the motor function that it supplies? |
|
Definition
L5-S2
-greater sciatic foramen
-innervates gluteus maximus |
|
|
Term
| What is the spinal segment associated with the ilioinguinal nerve? What motor function does it supply? sensory function? |
|
Definition
-L1
-innervates muscles of the abdominal wall
-skin over anteromedial part of upper thigh and adjacent part of perineum |
|
|
Term
| What is the spinal segment associated with the genitofemoral nerve? what motor function does it supply? sensory function? |
|
Definition
-L1 and L2
-genital branch innervates cremester muscle in the wall of the spermatic cord in men
-femoral branch innervates skin on anterior central part of upper thigh; genital branch innervates skin in anterior part of perineum |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segments are associated with the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh? what sensory function does it provide? |
|
Definition
-L2 and L3
-parietal peritoneum in the iliac fossa and skin over anterolateral thigh |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segments are associated with the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh? what sensory function does it provide |
|
Definition
-S1-S3
-skin over the gluteal fold and upper medial aspect of thigh and adjacent perineum, posterior aspect of thigh and upper posterior leg |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segment is associated with the nerve to the quadratus femoris? what is the motor function? |
|
Definition
-L4- S1
-muscles of gluteal region (quadratus femurs and gemellus inferior) |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segment is associated with the nerve to obturator internus? what is the motor function? |
|
Definition
L5-S2
-muscles of the gluteal region (obturator internus and gemellus superior) |
|
|
Term
| What spinal segment is associated with the perforating cutaneous nerve? sensory function? |
|
Definition
-S2 and S3
-skin over medial aspect of gluteal fold |
|
|
Term
| What are the three branches of the internal iliac artery? |
|
Definition
| -superior and inferior gluteal artery and obturator artery |
|
|
Term
| what does the external iliac artery turn into? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the deep vein of the LE? What is it a continuation of? |
|
Definition
| the femoral, it comes from the external iliac vein |
|
|
Term
| What are the two superficial veins of the LE? What do they connect to? |
|
Definition
| great and small saphenous veins, connect to the femoral vein |
|
|
Term
| Varicose veins occur more frequently in ___________ and are aggravated by ____________. There is often times a ____________ predisposition. What are the most common sites? |
|
Definition
-women
-pregnancy
-genetic
-Long saphenous and femoral vein junction
-Short saphenous and popliteal vein junction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
injury to a vessel wall, hyper coagulability, and venous stasis
-can break off and result in occlusion of the pulmonary artery, or cardiopulmonary arrest and death. |
|
|
Term
| What are the three sets of lymph nodes in the LE? |
|
Definition
-superficial inguinal
-deep inguinal
-popliteal |
|
|
Term
| Give the boundaries of the femoral triangle (base, medial border, lateral border, floor) |
|
Definition
-base= inguinal ligament
-medial border= medial side of the adductor longus
-lateral border= medial border of sartorial
-floor= pectineus and adductor longus |
|
|
Term
| Lateral to medial in the femoral triangle are what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where can the femoral nerve be palpated? |
|
Definition
| in the femoral triangle, just inferior to the inguinal ligament and midway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis |
|
|
Term
| In the clinic, cardiologists use the femoral artery to place catheters in vessels around the ______/_____ and ______/_______ |
|
Definition
| aortic arch and coronary arteries |
|
|
Term
| access to the femoral vein permits catheters to be placed into _______ veins, _________ veins, _________ atrium, and _______/_______ of the heart |
|
Definition
-renal
-gonadal
-right
-right side |
|
|
Term
| Muscles in the gluteal region perform what three actions on the femur? |
|
Definition
| -abduct, extend, and externally rotate |
|
|
Term
| How does the pudendal nerve pass in respect to the greater and lesser sciatic foramen? |
|
Definition
| it goes through the greater and then back through the lesser to enter the perineum |
|
|
Term
| What do the deep group of gluteal muscles do? |
|
Definition
| laterally rotate the femur |
|
|
Term
| What does the superficial group of gluteal muscles do? |
|
Definition
| abducts and extends the hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= sacrum
I=medial side of greater trochanter of femur
N= Branches from L5, S1, S2
F= laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur |
|
|
Term
| Obturator internus O,I,N,F |
|
Definition
O=obturator membrane and surrounding bone
I= medial side of greater trochanter of femur
N=nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
F= Laterally rotates extended femur, abducts flexed femur |
|
|
Term
| Gemellus Superior O, I, N, F |
|
Definition
O=Ischial spine
I=obturator internis tendon and medial side of greater trochanter of femur
N= Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
F= laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur |
|
|
Term
| Gemellus inferior O,I,N,F |
|
Definition
O=ischial tuberosity
I= obturator internus tendon and medial aspect of the greater trochanter of femur
N= nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
F= laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur |
|
|
Term
| Quadratus femoris O,I,N,F |
|
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity
I=intertrochanteric crest of proximal femur
N= nerve to quadratus femoris
F= laterally rotates femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O=ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
I= greater trochanter of femur
N= superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1)
F= abducts and medially rotates femur, prevents foot drop on opposite swing side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I= greater trochanter
N= superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
F=abducts and medially rotates femur, prevents hip drop on opposite swing side during walking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= gluteus medius fascia, ilium, sacrum, etc
I= TFL and proximal femur (gluteal tuberosity)
N= inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
F= extends flexed femur, laterally stabilizes knee and hip, laterally rotates and abducts thigh |
|
|
Term
| Tensor Fasciae Latae O,I,N,F |
|
Definition
O= lateral iliac crest
I= ilitoibial tract of fascia lata
N= superior gluteal nerve
F= stabilize the knee in extension |
|
|
Term
| What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| Gluteus medius, minimus, and TFL |
|
|
Term
| What does the sciatic nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
-muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh that flex the knee
-muscles in ankle and foot
-skin in lower limb |
|
|
Term
| What does the nerve to the quadratus femurs innervate? |
|
Definition
| quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior |
|
|
Term
| What does the nerve to the obturator internus innervate? |
|
Definition
| obturator internus and the gemellus superior |
|
|
Term
| What does the pudendal nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the perforating cutaneous nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| skin over the medial aspect of gluteus max |
|
|
Term
| Where should an intramuscular injection be performed in the gluteal region to avoid injuring the sciatic nerve? |
|
Definition
| anterior corner of the upper lateral quadrant |
|
|
Term
| Where does the inferior gluteal artery arise from? |
|
Definition
| the anterior trunk of the internal iliac |
|
|
Term
| Where does the superior gluteal artery arise from? what does it divide into? |
|
Definition
| the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery, divides into a superficial and deep branch |
|
|
Term
| Muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh perform what function? |
|
Definition
| extend the leg at knee joint |
|
|
Term
| Muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh perform what function? |
|
Definition
| extend the thigh at the hip joint and flex the leg at the knee joint |
|
|
Term
| The muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh do what? |
|
Definition
| adduct thigh at the hip joint |
|
|
Term
| Sciatic nerve innervates muscles in what compartment of the thigh? femoral? obturator? |
|
Definition
-posterior
-anterior
-medial |
|
|
Term
| Distal femur is characterized by large _________ which articulate with the head of the ________. Posteriorly they are separated by an ___________/___________ |
|
Definition
| condyles, tibia, intercondylar fossa |
|
|
Term
| The walls of the intercondylar fossa have two facets for the ____________ ligaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are epicondyles an attachment site for? |
|
Definition
| collateral ligament of the knee |
|
|
Term
| The __________ is the largest sesamoid bone. The apex is __________ for the attachment of the ___________/________ which connects it to the ________ |
|
Definition
| patella, inferiorly, patellar ligament, tibia |
|
|
Term
| The base of the patella is for the attachment of the ____________/____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The proximal end of the tibia has medial and lateral _______. Separated by an _________ region with sites for attachment of the _________ ligaments |
|
Definition
| condyles, intercondylar, cruciate |
|
|
Term
| What are the interarticular cartilages of the proximal end of the tibia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The posterior and anterior intercondylar regions of the proximal tibia each have ______ facets for attachment of the _________ and _________ ligaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The tibial tuberosity is the site of attachment of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the fibula articulate with the knee or have anything to do with weight bearing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= posterior abdominal wall
I= lesser trochanter of femur
N= anterior rami of L1,L2,L3
F= flexes thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= iliac fossa
I= lesser trochanter of femus
N= Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
F= flexes thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= Femur
I= quadriceps femoris tendon and medial patella
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= extends the leg at the knee joint |
|
|
Term
| Vastus intermedius O,I,N,F |
|
Definition
O= femur
I= quad femoris tendon and medial patella
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= extends leg at knee joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= femur
I= quad femoris tendon
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= extends the leg at the knee joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum
I= quadriceps femoris tendon
N= femoral (L2,L3,L4)
F= flexes thigh at hip and extends leg at knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= ASIS
I= medial surface of tibia
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= flexes thigh at hip and FLEXES leg at knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= pubis
I= medial surface of proximal tibial shaft
N= obturator nerve (L2,L3)
F= adducts thigh at hip and flexes leg at knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= pectineal line and pubis
I= posterior proximal femur
N= femoral (L2,L3,L4)
F= adducts and flexes thigh and hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= pubis
I= linea aspera
N= obturator (anterior) (L2,L3,L4)
F= adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= pubis
I= posterior surface proximal femur
N= obturator (L2,L3)
F= adducts thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
| Adductor Magnus O,I,N,F (adductor part) |
|
Definition
O= ischipubic ramus
I= posterior proximal femur
N= obturator (L2,L3,L4
F= adducts and medially rotates the thigh at hip joint |
|
|
Term
| Adductor magnus O,I,N,F hamstring part |
|
Definition
O= ischial tuberostiy
I= adductor tubercle
N= sciatic nerve (l2,L3,L4)
F= adducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip |
|
|
Term
| Obturator externus O,I,N,F |
|
Definition
O= obturator membrane
I= trochanteric fossa
N= obturator nerve (L3,L4)
F= laterally rotates thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity and linea aspera
I= head of fibula
N= Sciatic nerve (L5,S1,S2)
F= flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee, extended and laterally rotates thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity
I= medial surface of prox tibia
N= sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
F= flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint, extends and medially rotates thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity
I= medial tibial condyle
N= sciatic (L5, S1, S2)
F= flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint, extends and medially rotates thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
| What is the deep artery of the thigh? From what does it originate? What are its branches? |
|
Definition
| profunda femoris, femoral artery, medial and lateral circum flex femoral branches and 3 perforating branches |
|
|
Term
| What is the obturator artery a branch of? What does is bifurcate into> |
|
Definition
-internal iliac artery
-anterior and posterior branches |
|
|
