mamillary or Interal thoracic arterys

1. Branches (thoracic)

2.  two terminal branches (inferior to thoracic)

3.where do they branch from

1. Anterior intercostal arteries

2. 1-Musculophrenic artery- to diaphram

2-Superior epigastric- enters the abdominal cavity and is associated with the rectus abdominal muscle

3. part one of the subclavion artery

Aorta Branches

1. Ascending portion

2. Arch (big 3)

3. Descending aorta

1.) R+L coronary arteries

2.) 1-Brachiocephalic trunk

2-left common carotid

3-left subclavion

3.) -Posterior intercostal arteries

-phrenic artery- diaphram

-branches to bronchial tree

-branches to esophagus

-branches to mediastinum

-basiclly the whole thorax, nodes, pulmonary etc.

-branches to pericardium

Venous drainage of the thoracic wall

-3 major vessels of the azygos system of veins

1. azygus vein

2. hemiazygus

3. Accessory hemiazygos vein

-drain the thoracic wall and dumps into the superior vena cava

1. Azygos Vein

-where does it dump into

-what does it drain

-where does it run

1. -large obvious vessel (can see in cross section)

-drains the right side of the thoracic carity

- it runs in the posterior thoracic cavity to the right of the vertebrae some of its origin is in the abdominal cavity (lumbar veins on right side)

-the azygos drains into the superior vena cava

2. -inferior, 9-12 intercostal spaces

-Lower left side drainage (eg- lumbar veins, renal veins etc.)

-crosses midline and dumps into the azygos vein on right side

-drains the upper left side

-crosses the midline to the right and drains into the azygus vein

1. intercostal nerves are from

2.they innervate? 3

3.exception

1. ventral primary rami

2. innervate the intercostal muscles and the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall and the dermatomes of lateral and anterior thorax

3. exception- T1 does get involved in forming a plexus, the inferior segment contributing to the brachial plexus. outside of this the intercostal nerves represent a single spinal segment.

-go posteriorly

-innervate the deep muscles of the back and the dermatome on back

-(bilateral)continued from the neck

-travels through the superior thoracic aperature

- rides along thr lateral aspects of the bodies of the vertebrae

-Contribute to many thoracic plexuses [autonomic plexuses(sympathetis and parasympathetic)-(pulmonary cardiac esophogeal plexuses]

-they innervate the viscera of the thoracic and abdominal cavity

-anterior vagal trunk and posterior vagal trunk on the esophogus

-anterior vagal trunk-comes from left vagus nerve

-posterior vagal trunk- from right vagus nerve

-left vagus runs anterior to esophagus

-right vagus runs posterior to esophagus

-as they pass through the thoracic inlet, they ride on the lateral aspects of the pericardium using it for support

-innervates the diaphram