Term
| What is the most commonly injured nerve in a car accident? |
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Definition
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Term
| tastebud is a type of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve is the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve is the anterior 2/3 of the tongue? |
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Definition
| CN VII - branch of facial nerve - Chorda Tympani |
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Term
| Name the three ossicle bones |
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Definition
| Malleus, Incus, and Stapes |
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Term
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Definition
| Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel's discs, Pacinian corpuscles, and free nerve endings |
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Term
What is the term for an outer ear infection?
Middle ear infection?
Inner? |
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Definition
Otitis Externa
Otitis Media
Otitis Interna |
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Term
| List all of the outer ear parts |
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Definition
| Auricle (pinna), Helix, anti helix, tragus, earlobe, auditory canal, tympanic membrane |
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Term
| List all of the middle ear parts |
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Definition
| tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, auditory tube (eustachian tube), oval window |
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Term
| List all of the inner ear parts |
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Definition
| oval window, cochlea, vestibule (saccule & utricle), semicircular canals, vestibular nerve and cochlear nerve = vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) |
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Term
| Describe how smell enters the brain |
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Definition
| nose>olfactory chemoreceptors>cribiform plate>olfactory bulb>olfactory tract>limbic system in the insula |
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Term
| Which parts of the ear are responsible for Conductive hearing and which parts are responsible for Neural hearing? |
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Definition
Conductive hearing - outer and middle ear
Neural hearing - inner ear |
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Term
Semicircular canals are responsible for?
What happens if this part of the inner ear is impaired? |
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Definition
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Term
| Auditory (Eustachian) tube are responsible for? |
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Definition
| Regulation of air pressure |
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Term
What fluid is found in the anterior cavity?
Posterior cavity? |
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Definition
Aqueous humor
Vitreous humor |
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Term
White layer of the eye?
Black layer of the eye? |
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Definition
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Term
| What colors do cones consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the fovea centralis located? |
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Definition
| On the macula lutea of the retina. |
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Term
| What is another term for the blind spot? Why do you have a blindspot? |
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Definition
| Optic disc. This is where neurons leave the eye. |
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Term
| Where does the Optic Chiasm occur? |
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Definition
| Over the Sella turcica. Sits on the pituitary gland. |
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Term
| What part of the eye does an animal have that helps them see at night? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the hypothalamus responsible for? |
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Definition
| Inhibitory and Releasing hormones |
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Term
The anterior pituitary is also know as the?
List all of its components *hint (FLATPIG) |
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Definition
Adenohypophysis
Follicle stimulating hormone - effects ovaries and testes
Lutenizing hormone - effects ovaries
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone - adrenal gland
Thyroid stimulating hormone - thyroid gland
Prolactin - milk production during pregnancy
I
Growth hormone - released during sleep |
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Term
Another name for the posterior pituitary?
List components. |
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Definition
Neurohypophysis
Oxytocin - Feel good hormone. Milk let down. Uterine contraction during birth
ADH (Antidiurectic hormone) AKA Vasopressin - acts on kidney by preventing urination |
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Term
| Where is the Pineal gland located and what is it for? |
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Definition
| 2/3 way back in the brain. Releases Melatonin (regulates sleep and the circadian rhythm) |
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Term
| What does circadian rhythm mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 hormones does the Thyroid gland release? |
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Definition
T3 - Triiodothronine
T4 - Thyroxine or Tetraiodothronine
Calcitonin - decreases blood calcium |
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Term
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Definition
| Increases blood calcium level |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enlargement of the Thyroid due to iodine deficiency. |
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Term
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Definition
| releases thymosin which produces T-cells. The thymus is found in children (center of chest) and helps in their immune system. |
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Term
|
Definition
Salt - mineral corticoid (aldosterone)
Sugar - glucocorticoid - stress hormone
Sex - androgen (testosterone) |
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Term
|
Definition
| epinephrine - acts in the sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
alpha cells - glucagon (raises blood sugar levels) blood glucose increases
beta cells - insulin (pushes glucose into cells) blood glucose decreases |
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Term
| Estrogen is to? Testosterone is to? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Alpha cells in the Pancreas affect?
Beta cells affect? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which touch nerve is the most superficial and why? |
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Definition
| Free nerve endings - pain and temperature |
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Term
| What is smell associated with? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which two structures in the eye refracts light? |
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Definition
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Term
Where does the right visual field go to?
left visual field? |
|
Definition
Left occipital lobe
Right occipital lobe
Contralateral! |
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Term
What three structures flow blood back into the Right Atrium?
Is the blood oxygenated? |
|
Definition
Inferior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
Coronary Sinus
No the blood is deoxygenated. |
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Term
| What is the muscle of the heart called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Pericardial fluid do? |
|
Definition
| Reduces friction for heartbeats |
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Term
| Epicardium is also know as? What does it line? What lines the cavity? |
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Definition
| Visceral pericardium. It lines the Heart. The parietal pericardium lines the cavity. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pulmonary and aortic valve |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bicuspid aka mitral valve and the tricuspid. |
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|
Term
| Which side of the heart is the mitral valve located? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What muscle is located in the auricle? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where does blood travel after the Pulmonary veins? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does blood travel after the Pulmonary arteries? |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Ductus arteriosus is also known as the? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the base of the heart called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the first 3 arteries coming off of the Aortic Arch from right to left. |
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Definition
| Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery |
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Term
| What is another name for white blood cells? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| List the 5 types of Leukocytes and their properties? |
|
Definition
Polymorphonucleocytes AKA Neutrophils - neutral (doesn't get stained)
Lymphocytes - makes antibodies (has a big nucleus)
Monocytes - huge! mono disease
Basophils - picks up blue dye
Eosinophils - picks up red dye |
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|
Term
| List the white blood cells in order from least to most abundant? |
|
Definition
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Polymorphonucleocytes |
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|
Term
| What is the matrix of blood? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is another term for kidney? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the three Pharynx? |
|
Definition
| Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx |
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|
Term
| Stratified squamous epithelium |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with globlet cells |
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Definition
| nasopharynx, trachea, bronchi |
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|
Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| Simple squamous epithelium |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the Gonadotrophic hormones? |
|
Definition
| Follicle stimulating hormone and lutenizing hormone |
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|
Term
| What are the four sinuses? |
|
Definition
| Frontal, Maxillary, Ethomoidal, and Sphenoid |
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Term
| List the different Bronchi as it stems downwards towards the lungs from the Trachea. |
|
Definition
Main/Principle/Primary Bronchi
Lowbar/Secondary Bronchi
Tertiary/Segmental Bronchus
Bronchiole
Terminal Bronchiole
Respiratory bronchiole
alveolar duct
alveolus
alveolar sac |
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|
Term
| What does the right lung contain? |
|
Definition
Upper(superior) lobe
Middle lobe
Lower(inferior lobe)
Horizontal fissure
Oblique fissure |
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|
Term
| What does the left lung contain? |
|
Definition
Upper lobe
Lower lobe
Cardiac impression/notch
Oblique fissure |
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Term
|
Definition
| space in between visceral and parietal cavity |
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Term
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the parietal pleura? |
|
Definition
| lines cavity of the heart |
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|
Term
| What type of cartilage is found around your Adam's apple? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Area where trachea ends and the bronchi starts? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the difference between the right and left lung? |
|
Definition
Right lung has a horizontal fissure AND middle lobe AND the Bronchus is more perpendicular
Left lung has the cardiac notch/impression AND the bronchus is more parallel |
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|
Term
| What is the functional unit of the lung? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What occurs in the Capillaries? |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Thoracic area helps you ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Palatine tonsil
Lingual tonsil
Pharyngeal tonsil aka adnenoids |
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|
Term
| Where is the Uvula located? |
|
Definition
| Between the Palatine tonsils and at the end of the soft palate |
|
|
Term
| Where does the Circle of Wilis sit? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| List the hormones found in the Neurohypophysis and state what they do |
|
Definition
Oxytocin - feel good hormone, milk let down, uterine contraction
Antidiurectic hormone AKA Vasopressin - prevents urination by decreasing the volume of urine |
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|
Term
| What decreases blood Calcium levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What increases the surface area in the stomach? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What type of connective tissue can be found in the stomach? |
|
Definition
| Greater and Lesser omentum. |
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Term
| What is the outer layer of the esophagus called? What is it made of? |
|
Definition
| Adventicia. It is a connective tissue. |
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|
Term
| The stomach and the intestines are lined with what? |
|
Definition
| simple columnar epithelium |
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|
Term
| What is the storage organ called? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What increases the surface area in the small intestines? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the connective tissue found in the small intestines? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What increases the surface area in the large intestines? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the connective tissue that affilates with the large intestines? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which part of the digestive system is responsible for food absorbtion? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What part of the digestive system is responsible for the absortion of water? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the incomplete longitiudinal muscle and where is it found? |
|
Definition
| taeniae coli and it is found in the large intestines |
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|
Term
| The internal and external anal sphincter associates with which 3 sacral nerves? |
|
Definition
| S2,3,4 keeps feces off the floor! |
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|
Term
| What is the right colic flexture also called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the left colic flexture also called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the functional unit of the liver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What creates bile and what stores bile? |
|
Definition
| The liver creates bile and the gall bladder stores bile. |
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|
Term
Peritoneal space - anterior
Stomach
Liver
Ileocecal valve
Spleen
small and large intestines
gall bladder
apendix
greater and lesser omentum
right and left hephatic duct
hephatic portal vein
common bile duct
cystic duct
cecum
jejunum
pyloric sphintor
|
|
Definition
Retroperitoneal - posterior
celiac trunk
adrenal glands
kidney
abdominal aorta
inferior and superior mesenteric artery
pancreas
IVC
Duodenum
main pancreatic duct
renal artery
sigmoid colon |
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|
Term
| What is the largest gland in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the functional unit of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of epithelium can be found in the bladder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscle can be found in the bladder? |
|
Definition
| Smooth muscle - Detruser Muscle |
|
|
Term
| What is the triangle shaped body found in the bladder called? |
|
Definition
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